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Überhangmandate - Ein umstrittenes Element im Bundeswahlgesetz

Überhangmandate - Ein umstrittenes Element im Bundeswahlgesetz

          
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About the Book

Studienarbeit aus dem Jahr 2002 im Fachbereich Politik - Politische Systeme - Politisches System Deutschlands, Note: 1,7, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Sprache: Deutsch, Abstract: I. Einleitung Überhangmandate entstehen seit 1949 bei fast jeder Bundestagswahl. Sie tauchten in den ersten vier Wahlen von 1949 bis 1961 und in den letzten sechs von 1980 bis 1998 auf. Nachdem es bei den Bundestagswahlen 1994 erstmals 16 Überhangmandate gab, sechs waren bisher das höchste gewesen, gerieten sie in heftige Kritik, da das Wahlergebnis sehr knapp war und nur durch die große Zahl von Überhangmandaten entschieden werden konnte. Obwohl das Entstehen von Überhangmandaten im Bundeswahlgesetz festgeschrieben ist und sie somit verfassungskonform sind, fordern Kritiker ihre Abschaffung bzw. einen Ausgleich für die Parteien, die keine oder nur wenige Überhangmandate erreichen konnten. Das Bundesverfassungsgericht musste sich deshalb fortwährend mit Klagen gegen die Verfassungswidrigkeit von Überhangmandaten beschäftigen. In zwei Rechtssprechungen von 1994 und 1997 bestätigte es die Verfassungskonformität von Überhangmandaten und lehnte eine Änderung des Bundeswahlgesetzes ab. Damit war die Kritik an den Überhangmandaten aber nicht beendet. Die Diskussion flammte nach den Bundestagswahlen 1998 erneut auf, als wieder eine große Zahl, nämlich 13 Überhangmandate, auftauchten. In dieser Arbeit werden sowohl die Argumente der Überhangmandatskritiker, als auch der Befürworter dargelegt und erläutert, mit welchen Argumenten das Bundesverfassungsgericht die Überhangmandate verteidigt. Im ersten Teil wird kurz das besondere Wahlsystem der Bundesrepublik Deutschland dargestellt, da diese personalisierte Verhältniswahl in der Diskussion von großer Bedeutung ist. Der zweite Teil erläutert das Zustandekommen von Überhangmandaten und inwieweit dieses im Bundeswahlgesetz festgeschriebene Element mit der Wahlrechtsgleichheit vereinbar ist. Der letzte Teil der Arbeit beschäftigt sich mit der


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Product Details
  • ISBN-13: 9783656335290
  • Publisher: Grin Publishing
  • Binding: Paperback
  • Language: German
  • Returnable: N
  • Spine Width: 1 mm
  • Width: 178 mm
  • ISBN-10: 365633529X
  • Publisher Date: 17 Dec 2012
  • Height: 254 mm
  • No of Pages: 20
  • Series Title: German
  • Weight: 54 gr


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