Original title: Youth honest mirror or Pokazanie kb zhiteyskomu obhozhdeniyu. "Youth honest mirror" - a manual for the training and education of children dvoryanckogo class, composed at the direction of Peter I. The appearance of this book can be called a significant event in the history of children's literature. Prospective drafters of publishing - Bishop of Ryazan and Murom Gabriel and James Bruce, associate of Peter. Served as the source of various Russian and translated texts, including a treatise Erasmus and "Domostroy" Karion Istomin. "Mirror" was published in accordance with the spirit of Peter's reforms, when the foundation of all typographic products were all sorts of guides and manuals. The first part of the alphabet were placed tables of syllables, figures and numbers, as well as sermons from Scripture. The book can be considered as one of the first benefits of training civil script and Arabic writing numbers that have been done by the decree of Peter I in 1708 instead of the old Church Slavonic designation. The second part is the actual "Mirror," that is, the rules of behavior for "youthful young men" and girls. The book does not differ strict plan, stylistic unity. On the same states in different places. Pages that addressed the young men, written concisely page for girls voluminous and wordy. Perhaps the greatest merit of the author of the book is the language and style of presentation, generally expressive, imaginative, sometimes even vulgar. This is the first printed book for children and youth, written in Russian language alive decorated proverbs, aptly put it. So, it was not recommended on the street "mouth Rosina walk Thou lazy ass." Or, for lunch "Sit up straight, do not grab the first dish, not Eat like a pig," "Frivolous clothing that is exceedingly vain and above the measures the state of his, shows a frivolous nature." This book is for many years was the guidance about the rules of etiquette and behavior in society. The popularity of this publication can be judged from the fact that only in 1717, the book was reprinted twice and subjected reissues until the end of the XIX century. The publication "Youth honest mirror" is not an illustrated edition in the modern sense of the term. At the beginning of the era of Peter the Great's reign, when just formed and strengthened the foundations of printing, understanding "children's book" did not exist. "Mirror," a book for young people, which is gradually becoming a book for young children. In the design of this book, it looks quite different, as in "adult" publications: the book format, the placement of the two alphabets in two columns, different levels of writing letters, different line spacing, engraved decoration in the text, the ending and stuff - it was designed for children perception. We can say that kind of finding ways to illustrate children's books can be traced precisely in the publication of "Youth honest mirror" and other publications alphabets and words of the XVIII century.