Home > History & Humanities > Philosophy > History of western philosophy > Traité sur la tolérance: Ce texte vise la réhabilitation de Jean Calas, protestant faussement accusé pour avoir assassiné son fils afin d'éviter que ce dernier ne se convert
Traité sur la tolérance: Ce texte vise la réhabilitation de Jean Calas, protestant faussement accusé pour avoir assassiné son fils afin d'éviter que ce dernier ne se convert

Traité sur la tolérance: Ce texte vise la réhabilitation de Jean Calas, protestant faussement accusé pour avoir assassiné son fils afin d'éviter que ce dernier ne se convert

          
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About the Book

Traité sur la tolérance par Voltaire

  • Le Traité sur la tolérance est une oeuvre de Voltaire publiée en 1763.
  • Ce texte vise la réhabilitation de Jean Calas, protestant faussement accusé et exécuté pour avoir assassiné son fils afin d'éviter que ce dernier ne se convertisse au catholicisme.

  • Dans ce Traité sur la Tolérance, Voltaire invite à la tolérance entre les religions et prend pour cible le fanatisme religieux (plus particulièrement celui des jésuites chez lesquels il a fait de brillantes études étant jeune homme) et présente un réquisitoire contre les superstitions accolées aux religions.

  • En janvier 2015, à la suite de l'attentat contre Charlie Hebdo, l'ouvrage de Voltaire se place au sommet des ventes des librairies un peu partout dans le monde. Ses ventes en France explosent en 2014 avec 185 000 exemplaires.

  • L'oeuvre voltairienne fait suite au procès, à la condamnation à mort et à l'exécution de Jean Calas, père de famille huguenot, le 10 mars 1762.

  • Jean Calas appartient à une famille protestante à l'exception de sa servante, catholique, et d'un de ses fils, converti au catholicisme.

  • À la suite de la mort par suicide supposé de son fils aîné, la famille Calas se retrouve faussement accusée d'homicide volontaire.

  • La famille est mise aux fers et le père, à la demande populaire, et sur ordre de 13 juges, est condamné à mort malgré l'absence de preuve. Le contexte historique est alors encore fortement marqué par les guerres de religions françaises des siècles précédents.

  • À la suite de l'exécution de Jean Calas, qui plaide son innocence jusqu'à sa mort, le procès est rejugé à Paris et, le 9 mars 1765, la famille Calas est réhabilitée.

  • La table des matières reproduite ci-dessous montre bien la démarche philosophique de Voltaire pour faire progresser le concept de tolérance. Il commence par un rappel des faits, poursuit en montrant que la tolérance devrait être naturelle pour le genre humain. Il se réfère aux anciens Grecs et Romains, puis détruit ensuite toutes les objections et notamment celle du martyr. Il investigue dans le Judaïsme, qu'il connaît bien, et n'y trouve pas plus de trace d'intolérance.

  • Ensuite, il se penche sur la Chrétienté. Il donne sa conception du rapport entre Jésus-Christ et la tolérance en montrant constamment des signes de respect, d'allégeance, et en fournissant le plus possible de références chrétiennes comme Jésus-Christ lui-même, la Bible et les évangiles, et de nombreux auteurs chrétiens


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Product Details
  • ISBN-13: 9798637476428
  • Publisher: Independently Published
  • Publisher Imprint: Independently Published
  • Height: 229 mm
  • No of Pages: 142
  • Spine Width: 8 mm
  • Width: 152 mm
  • ISBN-10: 8637476422
  • Publisher Date: 15 Apr 2020
  • Binding: Paperback
  • Language: French
  • Returnable: N
  • Weight: 217 gr


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Traité sur la tolérance: Ce texte vise la réhabilitation de Jean Calas, protestant faussement accusé pour avoir assassiné son fils afin d'éviter que ce dernier ne se convert
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