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Tiwanaku: la historia y el legado del antiguo sitio precolombino en el corazón de los Andes

Tiwanaku: la historia y el legado del antiguo sitio precolombino en el corazón de los Andes

          
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About the Book

Pocas ruinas antiguas capturan la imaginación como el poderoso sitio sagrado de Tiwanaku, ubicado en la meseta del Altiplano andino en las afueras de La Paz, Bolivia. A diferencia de algunos sitios antiguos, como Machu Picchu en el vecino Perú o Chichen Itzá en México, Tiwanaku nunca ha estado "perdido", al contrario, durante siglos ha maravillado a nobles incas, conquistadores españoles, mochileros modernos y fanáticos de los ovnis por igual. A pesar de esta historia de asombro, Tiwanaku seguía siendo una especie de enigma hasta hace poco, pero al parecer esto habría probablemente complacido a sus creadores. Fue creado para ser un lugar misterioso, sagrado y hermoso, uno con muchos secretos y una cara pública caracterizada por una espectacularidad circense.
La hábil arqueología moderna ha permitido a la gente mirar detrás de la fachada y ver, por primera vez en muchos, muchos siglos, algunos de los secretos que se ocultaban detrás. La historia es fascinante, compleja y completamente humana. El visitante moderno que llega a Tiwanaku se encuentra, como lo señalara el cronista Pedro Cieza de León hace casi cinco siglos, con un poco notable, polvoriento y frío asentamiento al sur del lago Titicaca. El lugar no sería de gran interés, excepto porque al este y al sur del pueblo moderno, a poca distancia del centro, se elevan varias ruinas notables.
El complejo oriental es el más grande de los dos y abarca el corazón ceremonial del antiguo asentamiento, lo que incluye la enorme pirámide de Akapana, el Templo de Kalasasaya y la famosa Puerta del Sol. Los visitantes suelen posar frente a esa notable puerta de entrada, tallada de un solo bloque de andesita de diez toneladas de peso y decorada con elaboradas tallas, incluida una curiosa figura en el centro, de un hombre con dos varas o bastones en sus manos. Al dejar este complejo central, los visitantes viajan al sur -quizás haciendo una parada en el Museo de la Cerámica, que contiene obras típicas de imágenes geométricas y zoomórficas rojas y blancas sobre loza roja- hasta el complejo sur, centrado en las famosas ruinas de Puma Punku.
Si bien, por lo general, esto es todo en lo que se concentran los visitantes durante su tiempo en las ruinas, a menudo se pasa por alto que estos edificios ceremoniales estaban rodeados de una amplia gama de estructuras menores, muchas de las cuales parecen haber sido canibalizadas por su piedra para construir el pueblo moderno, especialmente la iglesia de San Pedro en la plaza principal (Bolivia es Turismo 2016). Más allá de esto había un sistema impresionante de acueductos e irrigación, grandes extensiones de campos cuidadosamente controlados, asentamientos periféricos, y una amplia red de territorios conquistados dependientes. Juntos conformaban el mundo político, espiritual, económico y artístico que hoy se conoce como "Tiwanaku", un lugar, imperio y tradición cultural en el que se enfoca este texto.
Hoy, a través del trabajo diligente de académicos de muchos países, disciplinas como la arqueología, la historia del arte, la etnografía comparativa y otras ciencias históricas modernas, han comenzado a desgranar la historia de Puma Punku, y los historiadores pueden recomenzar a contar las historias detrás de las piedras. Este esfuerzo ha resaltado las enigmáticas ruinas desde muchos puntos de vista, y ha ayudado a explicar que era un lugar de rituales, espectáculo, mitología y, por supuesto, la más fina ejecución del trabajo en piedra.


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Product Details
  • ISBN-13: 9798721572944
  • Publisher: Independently Published
  • Publisher Imprint: Independently Published
  • Height: 280 mm
  • No of Pages: 62
  • Spine Width: 3 mm
  • Weight: 168 gr
  • ISBN-10: 8721572941
  • Publisher Date: 13 Mar 2021
  • Binding: Paperback
  • Language: Spanish
  • Returnable: N
  • Sub Title: la historia y el legado del antiguo sitio precolombino en el corazón de los Andes
  • Width: 216 mm


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