Excerpt from Superficial Geology of Dundas Valley and Western Ancaster: Read Before the Hamilton Association on May 11th, 1882

Where, or at what elevation, these escarpments join each other, has not yet been determined. Sir William Logan in his Geology of Canada, published in 1863, says, It is not, however, certain where it (the Niagara Formation) folds over the Dundas anticlinal, there being no exposures what ever upon the axis. The most western appearance of the upper part of the formation, on the south side of the anticlinal occurs in the vicinity of Ancaster; the most western on the opposite side, about two miles north of Ancaster, on the third lot of the first range of Flamboro' West. It may be mferred from the trend of the formation on each side, and from the general shape of the country, that its summit would fold over the axis of the anticlinal, on the line between the townships of Ancaster and Beverly, at about the thirty fourth lot.

The portion of the valley from Burlington Heights to the town of Dundas, is to a considerable extent, occupied by Dundas Marsh. Between the marsli and the detritus at the foot of the escarpment on both sides, there 15 a tract of raised level country lying at a general elevation of about eighty feet above the level of the lake on the eastern side, and, a perhaps somewhat higher elevation 011 the western side. The level plam on the eastern side, is here and there cut through to the blue Erie clay, ' by streams of recent origin. On'the western side, the country rises by broad successive steps to the foot of the escarpment. The western side is also peculiar in the absence of streams of any size, and also their fewness in number. The composition of this level plain appears to be chiefly beds of clay and silt in alternate layers, with patches of conglom erate in places.

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