Assam is situated in the northeastern region of India. The total area covered by it is approximately 78,438 square kilometres. There exist individuals who possess proficiency in the languages of diverse nationalities and religions cohabiting within a particular region. Geographically, Assam is situated within the longitudes of 8905 and 961 east, and the latitudes of 2403 and 27058 north. Assam is geographically adjacent to several states, namely Arunachal Pradesh, Nagaland, Manipur, Mizoram, and Meghalaya, as well as West Bengal. The neighbouring nations of Bangladesh and Bhutan are situated beyond the territorial limits of this state. The Brahmaputra River gives rise to an extensive valley that characterises the northern region of Assam. The majority of Assam's populace resides in this particular region. The Barak Valley is situated at the precise geographical centre of Assam. The edifice's geographical position is situated in the southern region of the hills. The geopolitical entity referred to as the state is partitioned into a total of 271 districts, encompassing both rural and urban areas, including Kamrup, as well as the four districts that constitute the Bodoland Territorial Autonomous Districts (BTAD). As per a government-conducted study in 2011, Assam accommodates approximately 3.2 billion individuals. According to statistical data, the population density of Assam is 397 individuals per square kilometre, indicating a slightly elevated figure in comparison to the national average population density of 382 individuals per square kilometre . A diverse range of activities are being carried out throughout the state of Assam. In recent times, alterations in demographic patterns have been a subject of dispute.
Demography is the scientific discipline that investigates the entirety of the human population, encompassing its temporal variations and distinctive attributes. As per Peter R. Cox, demography pertains to the statistical methodologies employed for gauging the magnitude, progression, and decline of the populace. Additionally, it encompasses the investigation of the proportions of individuals who are born or pass away within a specific locality or jurisdiction, along with the functions of fecundity, fatality, and matrimony. The present study aims to examine various aspects of a population, including its size, rate of growth, population density, and geographical distribution. Demography is the field of study that pertains to the information about individuals that can be derived from census data, as well as birth and death records. Proficiency in obtaining data through scientific methods and interpreting it in a broader context is essential in the field of demography. The phenomenon under consideration exhibits a diverse array of practical implementations, and the cohort of individuals involved may be confined to a compact, focused assemblage or broadened to encompass a substantial quantity of persons. In the realm of real estate, demography is utilised as a tool to enhance individuals' understanding of the distinctive features of different locales. The field of demography centres on statistical data, encompassing metrics such as aggregate birth and mortality counts, infant mortality rates, fertility rates, and life expectancy. These concepts can be further disaggregated into more precise statistical measures, such as the global gender distribution and the mean life expectancy for both males and females. The acquisition of a substantial amount of information can be facilitated by a census, which, in conjunction with data on births and deaths, can prove to be useful. Numerous scholarly inquiries explore variables such as the level of education, income, ethnicity or culture, and religious convictions of a given region. The demographic data that is gathered and evaluated to construct a representation of a community's populace is contingent upon the intended application of said information.
