Raising Learning Ability MethodsCognitive strategies are useful tools in assisting students with learning problems. The term "cognitive strategies" in its simplest form is the use of the mind (cognition) to solve a problem or complete a task. Cognitive strategies provide a structure for learning when a task cannot be completed through a series of steps. For example, algorithms in mathematics provide a series of steps to solve a problem. Attention to the steps results in successful completion of the problem. In contrast, reading comprehension, a complex task, is a good example of a task that does not follow a series of steps. Further explanation is provided below.A cognitive strategy serves to support the learner as he or she develops internal procedures that enable him/her to perform tasks that are complex (Rosenshine, 1997). Reading comprehension is an area where cognitive strategies are important. A self-questioning strategy can help students understand what they read. Rosenshine states that the act of creating questions does not lead directly to comprehension. Instead, students search the text and combine information as they generate questions; then they comprehend what they have read.The use of cognitive strategies can increase the efficiency with which the learner approaches a learning task. These academic tasks can include, but are not limited to, remembering and applying information from course content, constructing sentences and paragraphs, editing written work, paraphrasing, and classifying information to be learned.In a classroom where cognitive strategies are used, the teacher fulfills a pivotal role, bridging the gap between student and content/skill to be learned. This role requires an understanding of the task to be completed, as well as knowledge of an approach (or approaches) to the task that he/she can communicate to the learner.⦁Content Enhancement first step ?Impacting both the task and the learner using cognitive strategies is referred to as Content Enhancement. 1. Teachers evaluate the content they cover.2. Teachers determine the necessary approaches to learning for student success.3. Teachers teach with routines and instructional supports that assist students as they apply appropriate techniques and strategies.In this way, the teacher emphasizes what the students should learn, or the "product" of learning. In addition, the teacher models the how or "process" of learning. The teaching steps may include as below: ⦁Content Evaluation second step?When a teacher is comfortable with the content he/she is teaching, he/she knows which parts are the most important, the most interesting and the easiest (or hardest) to learn. The teacher evaluates the content with various questions in mind: How important is this information to my students?Is any of this information irrelevant to the point I can minimize or exclude it?How will my students use this information beyond my classroom (in general education classrooms, college and/or career settings, etc.) ?What parts of this information do I think my students will grasp quickly?What parts of this information do I think my students will need "extras" (more time, more examples, peer help, more explanation, applications, etc.) ?How should I pace the presentation?Which evaluations are going to help me know that my students understand this information?The more experienced the teacher is with content, the better he/she will be able to plan students' cognitive journey through the information or skills that will be unfamiliar to them