Description of Power Controller Topologies for Hybrid Electric Vehicle

There are several power controller topologies used in hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs), each with their own advantages and disadvantages.

Series hybrid: In this topology, the internal combustion engine (ICE) is connected to a generator, which in turn supplies power to the electric drive motor. The battery stores excess energy generated by the ICE, and also provides power to the electric drive motor when needed. This topology is efficient at low speeds and when running on electric power alone.

Parallel hybrid: In this topology, the ICE and electric drive motor are connected directly to the drivetrain, allowing them to work together or independently. The battery stores excess energy generated by the ICE and also provides power to the electric drive motor when needed. This topology is efficient at high speeds and when running on gasoline power alone.

Power-split hybrid: This topology is a combination of series and parallel hybrids. It uses a planetary gearset to split the power between the ICE and electric drive motor, allowing them to work together or independently. This topology is efficient across a wide range of speeds and driving conditions.

Dual-motor hybrid: This topology uses two electric drive motors, one on the front and one on the rear axle, to power the vehicle. The ICE is connected to a generator that supplies power to the electric drive motors, and the battery stores excess energy generated by the ICE. This topology increases the overall efficiency of the vehicle, and also provides all-wheel drive capabilities.

Plug-in hybrid: This topology is similar to a series or parallel hybrid, but it also includes a charging port that allows the vehicle to be charged from an external power source. This topology increases the electric driving range of the vehicle, and also allows it to be charged at off-peak times when electricity is cheaper.

The electrical power system plays a vital role in the development of the human civilization, now

it is emerged as a one of the basic needs in the human life. Electricity is the most

valuable form of energy and is essential for the development of civilization. There

is a strong relationship between sophistication of life and the use of electricity. The major

amount of electricity is being generated by means of fossil, hydro and nuclear energy. The

population growth and the fact that only a part of the world's population is benefiting from

electricity will increase the energy consumption considerably. The growing demand will

dramatically increase the need for power generation and transmission, primarily to

those areas that have not yet been supplied with electricity. In this context, the

electrical transmission and distribution plays a significant role in transporting energy from

the generator site to the load centers. While the capacity of such a power system network

is huge and complex constant disturbances remain in the system which may be dangerous both

for the customers and the power electronics equipment in the network.