Presently, a considerable number of plant species are facing the threat of rapid extinction as they are getting trapped into the circle of the extreme industrialization, deforestation, climate change, global warming as well as unprincipled activities of the human race. Moreover, due to the boom of the population growth, the demand for plants is also increasing too rapidly as it is the only source of energy and nutrition for life on the planet. As a result, the conventional natural growth and development has become unable to cope up with the exceptional rate of expectations. And this is where plant tissue culture comes into action. The in vitro cultivation of plant parts under aseptic or uncontaminated conditions with the aim to achieve complete plants with better growth and health development is referred as "plant tissue culture". In the present world, plant tissue culture has gained huge appreciation because of the ability of coping up with the technological advancement and enabling the diversified processes in the development of the existing plant species, ensuring the prevention of their extinction. Though the history of plant tissue culture is significantly younger than many of the concerns of modern science and technology, it is one of the most important ones as well as one of the most implicated technologies of the present time. The large scale culture of plants to ensure the fulfillment of the continuously rising demand of the plants not only as a source of nutrient and energy but also as an important element of the improvement of modern civilization has become a must. And so the knowledge of the plant tissue culture techniques has gained enormous importance. The knowledge is not important only because of financial aspects but to ensure the sustainability of life in the planet earth. As the practice of plant tissue culture requires extensive knowledge about the plants at a cellular level, the knowledge acquired by the researches conducted by numerous researchers are not only important for the growth and development of plant species, but also for the initiation of new species and hybridization. The knowledge acquired has become important for many other sectors such as genetics and the researches about the evolution of life in the planet earth. Because of the extraordinary importance of the preservation of the existence of all the plant species, scientists have really put their efforts in developing numerous techniques to conduct plant tissue culture more efficient and accurately. And because of that, the knowledge about plant tissue culture techniques has become really enormous in spite of being practiced for only a century.This book was designed with the aim to let the readers understand the grave importance of plant tissue culture while having sufficient information about the most effective and practiced ways of the plant tissue culture techniques.
About the Author: Arit Efretuei obtained her PhD in Agriculture from the University of Reading, UK in 2015. Her interests are in crop nutrient uptake, soil nutrient management and mitigation of soil nutrient losses to the environ-ment. She is presently working as a freelance agronomic writer.