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Natürliche Ressourcen und Bürgerkrieg: Ressourcenreichtum an Diamanten oder Öl in afrikanischen Staaten - Fluch oder Segen?

Natürliche Ressourcen und Bürgerkrieg: Ressourcenreichtum an Diamanten oder Öl in afrikanischen Staaten - Fluch oder Segen?

          
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About the Book

Studienarbeit aus dem Jahr 2009 im Fachbereich Politik - Internationale Politik - Region: Afrika, Note: 1,7, Universität der Bundeswehr München, Neubiberg (Staats- und Sozialwissenschaften), Sprache: Deutsch, Abstract: [...] Deshalb möchte ich mich in dieser Arbeit mit der Frage "Ressourcenreichtum an Diamanten oder Öl in afrikanische Staaten - Fluch oder Segen?" auseinandersetzen. Paul Collier und Anke Hoeffler haben im Jahr 1998 im Auftrag der Weltbank damit begonnen über 160 Bürgerkriege und kriegerische Auseinandersetzungen empirisch zu untersuchen und generalisierbare Aussagen über die Konfliktursachen und Konfliktverläufe zu treffen. Über die Frage: "Sind Ausbrüche von Bürgerkriegen wirtschaftlich begründet?" haben sie das "Greed vs. Grievance- Modell" (Gier gg. Groll-Modell) entwickelt und haben mehrere Faktoren herausgearbeitet, die die Wahrscheinlichkeit eines Bürgerkrieges erhöhen. In ihrer Arbeit hat sich aus Sicht der beiden Forscher herausgestellt, dass sich zur Erklärung von Konflikten die "Gier" besser heranziehen lässt als der "Groll". Damit haben sie ihren Schwerpunkt bei der Analyse auf die ökonomischen Gründe zur Erklärung von Bürgerkriegen gelegt. Einer der wichtigsten Faktoren war die Abhängigkeit der Staaten von Exporten mit Primärgütern, also den natürlichen Rohstoffen eines Landes wie Öl, Diamanten oder Holz. Die Aussage zu diesem Faktor ist, dass große natürliche Ressourcen in einem Land die Kriegswahrscheinlichkeit erhöhen können, da sie für die Rebellen einfach zugängliche Quellen zur Finanzierung der Rebellionen und Kriege sind. Aufbauend auf diese These haben eine Reihe weiterer Forscher den Zusammenhang zwischen der Abhängigkeit von Primärgüterexporten und der Kriegswahrscheinlichkeit genauer untersucht und festgestellt, dass eine so simple, verallgemeinernde Aussage nicht zutrifft und man diese Abhängigkeit differenzierter betrachten muss. Deshalb möchte ich nun im Folgenden anhand von vier Beispielen afrikanischer Staaten in einem Ver


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Product Details
  • ISBN-13: 9783640468195
  • Publisher: Grin Publishing
  • Binding: Paperback
  • Language: German
  • Returnable: N
  • Spine Width: 1 mm
  • Width: 178 mm
  • ISBN-10: 3640468198
  • Publisher Date: 12 Nov 2009
  • Height: 254 mm
  • No of Pages: 20
  • Series Title: German
  • Weight: 54 gr


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