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Militarische Ausrustung Und Pferdegeschirr Aus Den Vesuvstadten

Militarische Ausrustung Und Pferdegeschirr Aus Den Vesuvstadten

          
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About the Book

English summary: The history of archaeological investigation in Pompeii, Herculaneum, and Stabiae now stretches back over 250 years. On the whole, this has been a history defined by sensational individual findings and monuments. However, with the exception of a few valuable items, little attention has been paid to military equipment and horse harnesses. One reason for this is the long disregard for everyday objects shown by archaeological research; additionally, the presence of the military among the largely "demilitarized" surroundings of the Vesuvian region had not been entirely clarified. At the same time, it is precisely the location of these cities on the "military periphery", as well as the extraordinary preservation of the artifacts found there, that makes the Vesuvian cities so crucial for investigating and interpreting the civilian context of Roman military equipment. The catalog and the main body of this work provide an extensive typological study of offensive, defensive, and ceremonial weaponry, as well as of horse harnesses and their individual components. The study has shown that the majority of objects found in Vesuvian cities, with few exceptions, conform to the known spectrum of forms found in the northwestern provinces. This conformity speaks to the high degree of standardization in the equipment of Rome's imperial army. However, the objects also display significant local variations and particularities unique to the Vesuvian region. Through its analysis of secondary sources and careful reconstruction of the original context where discoveries were made, and through its incorporation of a wide variety of epigraphic and other archaeological sources, this study produces a multifaceted and complex picture of the military presence in Vesuvian cities. It has long been assumed that soldiers were compelled to hand in all of their equipment before their honesta missio; if this is the case, the findings can only be explained by the presence of active soldiers. The evidence, however, argues for a different perspective: it suggests that certain veterans retained some of their equipment (above all, their swords) after quitting the active service, employing it in a "paramilitary" or private capacity - for example as craftsmen, tradesmen, city police, domestic security, or bodyguards - or holding onto it as a memento. The contexts in which the largely intact sets of horse harnesses have been discovered, on the other hand, are unambiguously civilian in nature, and demonstrate that it is nearly impossible to make typological distinctions between horse harnesses of a civilian and military nature in early imperial times. The broad material basis of this research, and the fact that the original state of the findings can often still be reconstructed, serve to augment and expand upon the discoveries and interpretations that have been achieved in Rome's border provinces. The study not only sheds light on the relationship between veterans and the local populace - and the relationship between soldiers and the travelling Praetorian Guard - but also answers the question of whether weapons and horse harnesses belonged to the standard inventory of upper-class households in the Vesuvian region. German description: Die archaologische Forschung in Pompeji, Herculaneum und Stabiae blickt auf eine mittlerweile mehr als 250-jahrige Geschichte zuruck. Gepragt wurde sie vor allem durch eine Vielzahl aufsehenerregender Einzelfunde und Monumente. Die militarische Ausrustung und das Pferdegeschirr haben dagegen mit Ausnahme weniger wertvoller Einzelstucke bisher kaum Beachtung gefunden. Einerseits lagen Alltagsgegenstande lange nicht im Blickfeld der Forschung, andererseits blieb die Frage nach der Prasenz des Militars im weitgehend 'entmilitarisierten' Umfeld der Vesuvregion grosstenteils unbeantwortet. Dabei ist es neben den aussergewohnlichen Erhaltungsbedingungen gerade die 'militarische Randlage', die die Vesuvstadte fur die Erforschung und die Interpretation der romischen Militarausrustung aus zivilen Kontexten so bedeutend macht. Im Hauptteil und im Katalog werden Angriffs-, Schutz- und Paradewaffen sowie Pferdegeschirr mit seinen einzelnen Bestandteilen ausfuhrlich typologisch untersucht. Die Studie hat gezeigt, dass die meisten Objekte - mit wenigen Ausnahmen - dem bereits aus den Nordwestprovinzen bekannten Formenspektrum entsprechen. Dies unterstreicht das hohe Mass an Standardisierung in der Ausrustung der kaiserzeitlichen Armeen Roms. Sie zeigen aber auch deutliche lokale Unterschiede bzw. Besonderheiten in der Vesuvregion. Die antiquarische Analyse und die Rekonstruktion der Fundkontexte ergeben zusammen mit den zahlreichen epigraphischen und weiteren archaologischen Quellen ein ebenso vielfaltiges wie komplexes Bild von der militarischen Prasenz in den Vesuvstadten. Ginge man wie bisher davon aus, dass die Soldaten vor der honesta missio ihre gesamte Ausrustung abgeben mussten, mussten alle Funde mit der Anwesenheit aktiver Soldaten zu erklaren sein. Die Befunde sprechen hier aber fur eine differenziertere Sichtweise: Es ist davon auszugehen, dass einige Veteranen Teile ihrer Ausrustung (wohl vor allem ihre Schwerter) nach dem Ausscheiden aus dem aktiven Dienst behielten und im 'paramilitarischen' oder im privaten Bereich nutzten - beispielsweise als Handwerker, Gewerbetreibende' Stadtpolizisten', Haus- und Leibwachter oder in Form von Erinnerungsstucken. Die meist fast kompletten Pferdegeschirrsatze stammen dagegen aus eindeutig zivilen Fundkontexten und zeigen, dass eine Unterscheidung zwischen zivilem und militarischem Pferdegeschirr in der fruhen Kaiserzeit meist typologisch kaum moglich ist. Die breite Materialbasis und die oft noch rekonstruierbaren Fundumstande vertiefen und erweitern die in den Grenzprovinzen gewonnenen Erkenntnisse und Interpretationen. Die Studie liefert nicht nur Erkenntnisse uber die Beziehung zwischen der lokalen Bevolkerung und den Veteranen sowie den durchreisenden Pratorianern und Soldaten, sondern gibt auch Antworten auf die Frage, ob die Waffen und das Pferdegeschirr zur standardisierten Ausstattung gehobener Wohnhauser in den Vesuvstadten gehorten.
About the Author: Dr. Salvatore Ortisi completed his studies of Provincial Roman Archaeology, Prehistory and Early History, and Ancient Civilization in Munich and Cardiff. In 1998, he was appointed to the Department of Provincial Roman Archaeology at the Ludwig Maximilians University of Munich, with the research topic "City Walls in the Raetian Provincial Capital of Aelia Augusta - Augsburg". In 2009, the present work was submitted as his habilitation to the Department of Archaeology of the Roman Provinces at the University of Cologne, where he was made Senior Researcher the same year. Since 2015, he has been a Professor of Archaeology of the Roman Provinces at the University of Osnabruck.


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Product Details
  • ISBN-13: 9783954900213
  • Publisher: Dr Ludwig Reichert
  • Binding: Paperback
  • Language: German
  • Returnable: N
  • Spine Width: 18 mm
  • Width: 218 mm
  • ISBN-10: 3954900211
  • Publisher Date: 29 Jun 2015
  • Height: 290 mm
  • No of Pages: 280
  • Series Title: Palilia
  • Weight: 1246 gr


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Militarische Ausrustung Und Pferdegeschirr Aus Den Vesuvstadten
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Militarische Ausrustung Und Pferdegeschirr Aus Den Vesuvstadten
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