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Maids Matrons of New France By MARY SIFTON PEPPER Illustrated Boston Little, Brown, and Company 1901 Copyright, BY LITTLE, BROWN, AND COMPANY Jill rights reserved October, 1901 UNIVBRSXTY PRBSS - JOHN WXXONT AKD SON CAMBRIDGE, XJ. S. A. JMT O T JFf JE Table of Chapters PAGE INTRODUCTION i First Period PIONEER WOMEN OF ACADLA. CHAPTER I. Marguerite de Roberval, the Heroine of the Isle of Demons 8 II. The Marchioness de Guercheville, First Patroness of American Missions . . 1 8 III. The Lady de la Tour, a Fair Chatelaine of Acadia 35 Second Period PIONEER WOMEN OF QUEBEC I. Dame H6bert 56 rll. Madame de Champlain, the First Lady of Canada 80 III. Madame de la Peltrie, Foundress of the First Girls School in Canada ... 87 vii Table of Chapters CHAPTER PAGE IV. Mother Marie Guyard of the Incarnation 112 V. Some Dainty Nurses of Long Ago . . 138 Third Period MAIDS OF MONTREAL I. The Founding of Montreal 151 II. The Work of Jeanne Mance and Mar guerite Bourgeois 165 III. Judith de Bresoles and her Companions . 183 IV. Jeanne le Ber, the Recluse of Montreal . aoo V. Madeleine de Vercheres, the Heroine of Castle Dangerous 220 Fourth Period ADVENT OF THE CARIGNAN REGIMENT I. Coming of the Kings Girls, or Mar riages and Social Life in New France . 239 II. Women in the First Siege of Quebec . . 256 III. The Two Pompadours, or Women in the Downfall of New France .... 269 Authorities Consulted DBS JfesurrBs, 1610-1672. LES JlsuiTEs ET LA NouvELLB FRANCE, par Le P. Camille Rochemonteiz. EflSTOIRB DE LA VENERABLE MARIE DE I IwCARNATION, par 1 Abbe H. R. Casgrain. VIE DE MADEMOISELLE MANGE, par Adrien Leblond, B. L. VIE DE MADEMOISELLE LE BER Villemarie Chez les Soeurs de la Congregation Notre Dame.HlSTOIRE DE LA CONVERSION DES SAUVAGES, par MaTC Les carbot. PREMIER TABLISSEMENT DE LA For DANS LA NOUVELLE FRANCE, par Le P. Chrestien Le Clerc. HISTOIRE DE LA NOUVELLE FRANCE, par Le P. Charlevoix. JACQUES CARTIER AND THE FOUR VOYAGES TO CANADA, by H. B. Stephens. CARTIER TO FRONTBNAC, by Justin Winsor. NARRATIVE AND CRITICAL HISTORY OF AMERICA, by Justin Winsor. WORKS OP FRANCIS PARKMAN. HISTORY OF ACADIA, by James Hannay. NEW YORK COLONIAL DOCUMENTS. A SHORT HISTORY OF THE CANADIAN PEOPLE, by George Bryce, M. A. Illustrations Madame de la Peltrie Frontispiece From the painting by C. Huot, in the Urtoline Convent, Quebec Jacques Carrier Page 10 From the original painting by P. Rlss, in the Town Hall of St. Malo, France. Isle of Demons 12 Henri IV. and Madame de Guercheville . . . 22 From a drawing by F. de Myrbach. Port Royal, 1609 30 From Champlains drawing. Samuel de Champlain 56 From the Dncornet Portrait. Quebec, from Point Levy 73 From an engraving by F. Canot, after a drawing by Richard Short. The Old French Inn 103 From a photograph. Marie Guyard, Mother Mary de P Incarnation . 112 From an engraving by J. Edelinck, in the Unuline Convent, Quebec. Ursuline Convent, Quebec 35 From the painting in the possession of the Order, Quebec. Duchesse dAiguillon c 150 From the painting in the Hotel Dien, Quebec. ari Illustrations First Mass at Montreal Page 160 From the bas-relief on the Maisonneuve Monument in the Place dArmes, Montreal, by Philippe Hubert. Figure of Jeanne Mance 171 From the Maisonneuve Monument in the Place dArmes, Montreal, by Philippe Hubert Marguerite Bourgeoys i go From an engraving by L. Massard. An East View of Montreal 187 From an engraving by P. Canot, after adrawing by Thomas Pattern. The Death of DoDard . . 19 From the bas-relief on the Maisonneuve Monument in the Place dArmes, Montreal, by Philippe Hubert. Louis XIV. 240 From the painting by Jean Gamier, in the Versailles Gallery. Jeanne Antoinette Poisson, Marquise de Pom padour . . . 270 From an engraving by G. de Montant, after the painting by La Tour. The Old Mansion still Stands 279 From a photograph. Louis Joseph, Marquis de Montcalm-Gazon de Saint-Veran 283 From the painting in the possession of the Marquis de Montcalnu xii