THE INTRODUCTIONNature (the art whereby God hath made and governes the world) is by theart of man, as in many other things, so in this also imitated, that itcan make an Artificial Animal. For seeing life is but a motion of Limbs, the begining whereof is in some principall part within; why may we notsay, that all Automata (Engines that move themselves by springs andwheeles as doth a watch) have an artificiall life? For what is theHeart, but a Spring; and the Nerves, but so many Strings; and theJoynts, but so many Wheeles, giving motion to the whole Body, such aswas intended by the Artificer? Art goes yet further, imitating thatRationall and most excellent worke of Nature, Man. For by Art is createdthat great LEVIATHAN called a COMMON-WEALTH, or STATE, (in latineCIVITAS) which is but an Artificiall Man; though of greater statureand strength than the Naturall, for whose protection and defence itwas intended; and in which, the Soveraignty is an Artificiall Soul, asgiving life and motion to the whole body; The Magistrates, and otherOfficers of Judicature and Execution, artificiall Joynts; Reward andPunishment (by which fastned to the seat of the Soveraignty, every joyntand member is moved to performe his duty) are the Nerves, that do thesame in the Body Naturall; The Wealth and Riches of all the particularmembers, are the Strength; Salus Populi (the Peoples Safety) itsBusinesse; Counsellors, by whom all things needfull for it to know, are suggested unto it, are the Memory; Equity and Lawes, an artificiallReason and Will; Concord, Health; Sedition, Sicknesse; and Civill War, Death. Lastly, the Pacts and Covenants, by which the parts of this BodyPolitique were at first made, set together, and united, resemble thatFiat, or the Let Us Make Man, pronounced by God in the Creation.To describe the Nature of this Artificiall man, I will considerFirst the Matter thereof, and the Artificer; both which is Man.Secondly, How, and by what Covenants it is made; what are the Rights andjust Power or Authority of a Soveraigne; and what it is that Preservethand Dissolveth it.Thirdly, what is a Christian Common-Wealth.Lastly, what is the Kingdome of Darkness.Concerning the first, there is a saying much usurped of late, ThatWisedome is acquired, not by reading of Books, but of Men. Consequentlywhereunto, those persons, that for the most part can give no other proofof being wise, take great delight to shew what they think they have readin men, by uncharitable censures of one another behind their backs.But there is another saying not of late understood, by which they mightlearn truly to read one another, if they would take the pains; and thatis, Nosce Teipsum, Read Thy Self: which was not meant, as it is nowused, to countenance, either the barbarous state of men in power, towards their inferiors; or to encourage men of low degree, to asawcie behaviour towards their betters; But to teach us, that for thesimilitude of the thoughts, and Passions of one man, to the thoughts, and Passions of another, whosoever looketh into himselfe, andconsidereth what he doth, when he does Think, Opine, Reason, Hope, Feare, &c, and upon what grounds; he shall thereby read and know, what are the thoughts, and Passions of all other men, upon the likeoccasions. I say the similitude of Passions, which are the same in allmen, Desire, Feare, Hope, &c; not the similitude or The Objects of thePassions, which are the things Desired, Feared, Hoped, &c: for these theconstitution individuall, and particular education do so vary, and theyare so easie to be kept from our knowledge, that the characters of mansheart, blotted and confounded as they are, with dissembling, lying, counterfeiting, and erroneous doctrines, are legible onely to him thatsearcheth hearts. And though by mens actions wee do discover theirdesignee so