Excerpt from Influence of Loblolly Pine Overwood on Advance Reproduction

At sporadic intervals, perhaps once each decade, a favorable combi nation of loblolly seed production and rainfall distribution occurs in the lower Piedmont region, with the result that pine seedling stands become established beneath overwood stands of loblolly pine. The majority of these understory pine stands are found on the flat ridge tops and on gentle to moderate slopes of southerly and westerly exposures. This advance reproduction occurs in more or less uniform age classes over contiguous areas from a few acres to as many as 100 acres, depending upon the uniformity of the topography.

The overstory stands may have a stocking of 120 square feet of basal area per acre and still have a solid understory stand of loblolly pine (fig. Advance pine reproduction may also become established underneath stands as young as 20 years of age Where the overwood is less than 60 square feet of basal area (fig.

The occurrence of loblolly pine reproduction as an understory has great potential value to the landowner. He has only to give it reasonable care to insure the establishment of his future stand or parts of it. Regardless of the. Landowner's method of management, thousands of acres of seedlings become established in advance of the planned reproduction cut. This applies whether the stand is to be reproduced by leaving seed trees, or by the shelter wood method, or in openings created by selective cutting, or even where the plan Specifies clear cutting and planting. Where this advance reproduction is present, the owner will not have to wait several years for the right combi nation of seedfall and rainfall, nor bear the expense of planting. In an effort to realize more fully the potential of this advance reproduction, a study was begun to determine the conditions under which these seedling stands become established and maintain themselves, and to determine the growth rates of the seedlings.

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