The Editor maintains that India had to agree to partition under compelling circumstances. After India got Independence, it should have taken steps to undo the mischief of our British Rulers. Things would have been much easier immediately after partition, particularly, when Pakistan provided an excuse to us by sending its forces in Kashmir. The Pakistan army at that time was weak and the job could have been done at a minimum cost. The second opportunity arose in 1965 when Pakistan again attacked Kashmir. The third opportunity came in 1971 when Pakistani forces attacked India. But the operation now would be much more costlier in terms of men and war materials because the Pakistan has built a strong army and developed nuclear power over the long period provided to them by India’s rulers. But this cost may still be less than the cost we are incurring from continued hostility and cross border terrorism in the form of continuous military deployment and killings of civil and military persons. Pakistan is constantly blaming India in all regional and international fora for not implementing the United Nations resolution regarding holding of plebiscite in Jammu and Kashmir. In fact, Pakistan is responsible for this because it has failed to withdraw its forces from Jammu and Kashmir which was a condition for holding plebiscite according to the United Nations Resolution. The Editor holds that India should drop ‘no first use’ of nuclear weapons policy against a country which repeatedly threatens first use of nuclear weapons. The first use of nuclear weapons by Pakistan may be so massive and widespread that it may disable India to use the nuclear weapon. If India drops its ‘no first use’ option of nuclear weapons, Pakistan would stop blackmailing India and may even be deterred venturing terrorism in India. The Volumes include viewpoints of a number of eminent experts on Indo-Pak relations. These include views not only of Indian experts but also of Pakistani experts. The Volumes contain texts of all the documents in original relating to Indo-Pak relations since the partition of India in 1947. It is hoped that the Volumes would be found useful by the students and research scholars concerned with international relations. The Volumes would also be useful to the parliamentarians and executives of India and Pakistan concerned with the formulation and execution of foreign policy of their country. Common readers interested in Indo-Pak Relations would also find the Volumes useful and interesting. The Volumes would be equally useful for all libraries, officers’ messes and institutions of Defence Services.

Table of Contents:
VOLUME I 1. Introduction 2. A Comprehensive Note on Jammu & Kashmir—Embassy of India, Washington D.C. 3. Frequently asked Questions on Jammu & Kashmir—Embassy of India, Washington D.C. 4. U.S. and Indo-Pakistan Relations—C. Raja Mohan 5. Fifty Years of Kashmir Dispute : The Diplomatic Aspect—Abdul Sattar 6. India and Pakistan : War in the Nuclear Shadow—Benjamin Friedman 7. Kashmir in the Pakistan-India Military Equation—Lt. Gen. (Retd.) Nishat Ahmed 8. Indo-U.S. Strategic Partnership and Pakistan—Ehsan Ahrari 9. Indo-Pakistan Relations—N. Jayapalan 10. Jammu & Kashmir Dispute—Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Government of Pakistan 11. India-Pakistan Trade Relations 12. The Undying Spirit: Kashmir amidst the Nuclear Blast — Treaty of Amritsar (16 March 1846)—Maj. Gen. Tariq Nizami (Retd.) 13. MORI (An Independent Market Research Company) Survey in Jammu and Kashmir (Released at a news conference on 30 May 2002) 14. Transcript of Press Conference by Jaswant Singh, External Affairs Minister (28 May 2002) 15. Excerpts of Address by the President of Pakistan, General Pervez Musharraf at the Fifty-Sixth Session of the United Nations General Assembly, 10 November 2001 16. Statement by Official Spokesperson on reports of firing across Line of Control in Jammu and Kashmir on 15 October 2001 17. Verbatim Record of Press Conference of Shri Jaswant Singh, Minister of External Affairs held at 10.00 hours on 17 July 2001 in Oberoi Hotel, Agra 18. Statement by the Official Spokesperson (16 July 2001) 19. Prime Minister’s Opening Statement at the Plenary of the India-Pakistan Summit (15 July 2001) 20. Statement by the Official Spokesperson of MEA (15 July 2001) 21. Speech of (Pakistan) President General Pervez Musharraf at banquet hosted in his honour by Indian President, K.R. Narayanan in New Delhi on 14 July 2001 22. President’s Speech at the Banquet hosted for President Musharraf (14 July 2001) 23. Summit must Benefit the Poorest, says President (14 July 2001) 24. The Past must not dictate the Future: Musharraf (14 July 2001) 25. Text of Musharraf’s Statement on Arrival in India (14 July 2001) 26. External Affairs and Defence Minister Shri Jaswant Singh’s Press Conference on 12 July 2001 27. Prime Minister’s Letter of Invitation and related Press Releases (4, 6, 9 July, 19 June, 23, 25 May 2001) 28. Aulakh’s (President of Khalistan) letter to Musharraf (President of Pakistan), 27 June 2001 29. Chief Executive’s (Pakistan) Reply to Vajpayee, 29 May 2001 VOLUME II 30. President of the Security Council’s brief on the dispute over Jammu and Kashmir, 7 May 2001 31. Government to embark upon political dialogue with all sections of peace loving people of Jammu & Kashmir (6 April 2001) 32. Prime Minister Vajpayee’s statement in Lok Sabha regarding Jammu & Kashmir (22 February 2001) 33. Ministry of Foreign Affairs Press Statement (22 February 2001) 34. Prime Minister Vajpayee’s statement on the situation in Jammu & Kashmir (18 January 2001) 35. Prime Minister Vajpayee’s statement in both the Houses of Parliament regarding peace-initiatives in Jammu & Kashmir (20 December 2000) 36. Statement by the Prime Minister Atal Behari Vajpayee on the situation in Jammu & Kashmir (19 November 2000) 37. Address by the Chief Executive (Pakistan) to the OIC Contact Group on Jammu and Kashmir at the Summit Level, Ninth Islamic Summit, Doha, Qatar, 13 November 2000 38. Statement by the Home Minister L.K. Advani on situation in Jammu & Kashmir in Parliament (9 August 2000) 39. Prime Minister Vajpayee's statement in Parliament regarding the recent massacre in Jammu & Kashmir (4 August 2000) 40. An Update on Terrorist Killings in Jammu & Kashmir (3 August 2000) 41. Press Release Issued by the Ministry of External Affairs on Pakistan’s Support to Cross-border Terrorism (10 November 1999) 42. Pakistani Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif’s Address to the Nation, 12 July 1999, during the Kargil Crisis 43. Indian Prime Minister Atal Behari Vajpayee’s Address to the Nation during the Kargil Crisis (7 June 1999) 44. The Lahore Declaration (21 February 1999) 45. Joint Statements and Joint Press Statements (1998-99) 46. Composite Dialogue, 1998 47. Home Secretary’s Statement on India-Pakistan talks on the subject of Terrorism-Narcotics — 12 November 1998 48. Declaration on Jammu and Kashmir adopted at the OIC Co-ordination meeting of Ministers of Foreign Affairs held at the United Nations in New York on 2 October 1997 49. Memorandum presented by the Special Committee of the National Assembly of Pakistan on Kashmir on 15 August 1997 to the Secretary-General of the United Nations 50. OIC Declaration on Kashmir : Special Declaration of the Extraordinary Session of the Islamic Summit of the Organization of the Islamic Conference on Jammu and Kashmir held in Islamabad, Islamic Republic of Pakistan, 14 Dhul Qi’dah 1417h (23 March 1997) 51. An Act further to amend the Jammu and Kashmir Constitution Act, 1996. Act No. XVII of 2008 52. Parliament Resolution on Jammu and Kashmir (22 February 1994) 53. Letter written by a former Governor of Jammu and Kashmir, Mr. Jagmohan, to the Former Prime Minister and the President of Congress, Mr. Rajiv Gandhi, 21 April 1990 54. Trade Agreement between the Government of India and the Government of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan (23 January 1975) 55. Protocol between the Government of India and the Government of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan regarding Shipping Services (15 January 1975) 56. Protocol between the Government of India and the Government of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan on Resumption of Trade (30 November 1974) 57. Kashmir Accord, 13 November 1974 58. Agreement between the Government of India and the Government of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan on Telecommunication (14 September 1974) 59. Agreement between the Government of India and the Government of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan relating to the Exchange of Postal Articles (14 September 1974) 60. Protocol Constituting an Agreement between the Government of India and the Government of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan on Visit to Religious Shrines (14 September 1974) 61. Agreement between the Government of India and the Government of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan regarding Visa (14 September 1974) 62. Agreement between the Government of India and the Government of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan on Release and Repatriation of Persons detained in either Country Prior to the Conflict of 1971 (9 April 1974) 63. Agreement between the Government of India and the Government of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan regarding Repatriation of Persons (28 August 1973) 64. Prime Minister Indira Gandhi’s Speech on the Simla Agreement in the Rajya Sabha on 2 August 1973 65. Simla Agreement (2 July 1972) 66. Simla Agreement — Statement to the Press by H.E. Mr. Niaz A. Naik, Foreign Secretary of Pakistan 67. Resolution 307 (1971) adopted by the Security Council at its 1616th Meeting, on 21 December 1971 68. Instrument of Surrender by the Eastern Command, Lt. General A.A.K. Niazi in front of General Officer Commanding in Chief of Indian and Bangladesh Forces in the Eastern Theatre, Lt. General Jagjit Singh Aurora (16 December 1971) 69. Question considered by the Security Council at its 1606th, 1607th and 1608th Meetings on 4, 5 and 6 December 1971 70. Agreement between the Government of India and the Government of Pakistan on Withdrawal of Troops (22 January 1966) 71. Tashkent Declaration of 1966 (10 January 1966) 72. Tashkent Summit — Prime Minister Lal Bahadur Shastri’s speech at the Opening Session (4 to 10 January 1966) 73. Resolution 215 (1965) adopted by the Security Council at its 1251st Meeting on 5 November 1965 74. Acceptance of Cease-Fire Proposals of the Security Council by the Government of India and the Government of Pakistan (16 and 22 September 1965) 75. Agreement between the Government of India and the Government of Pakistan relating to Cease-Fire and the Restoration of the status quo as on 1 January 1965 in the Gujarat/West Pakistan Border and Determination of the Border in that Area (30 June 1965) 76. Statement of the President of the Security Council (French Representative) made on the 18 May 1964, at the Eleventh Hundred and Seventeenth meeting of the Security Council. (Document No. S/PV. 1117, dated the 18 May 1964) Summarising the Conclusion of the Debate on Kashmir 77. Trade Agreement between the Government of India and the Government of Pakistan (1 September 1963) 78. Sino-Pakistan Frontier Agreement, 1963 (2 March 1963) 79. Draft Resolution submitted by Ireland to the Security Council on 22 June 1962 80. Treaty between the Government of India and the Government of Pakistan concerning the most Complete and Satisfactory Utilisation of the Waters of the Indus System of Rivers (19 September 1960) 81. Trade Agreement between the Government of India and the Government of Pakistan (21 March 1960) 82. Agreement between Governments of India and Pakistan regarding Procedures to end Disputes and Incidents along the Indo-West Pakistan Border Areas (11 January 1960) 83. Limited Payments Agreement between the Governments of India and Pakistan (3 December 1959) 84. Agreement between Governments of India and Pakistan regarding Procedures to end Disputes and Incidents along the Indo-East Pakistan Border Areas (23 October 1959) 85. Agreement between India and Pakistan on ad hoc Transitional Arrangements for the Irrigation use of the Water of the Indus System of Rivers (17 April 1959) 86. Agreement between India and Pakistan on Border Disputes (East Pakistan) (10 September 1958) 87. The India-Pakistan Question, Australia, Columbia, Philippines, U.K., U.S.A. Joint Draft Resolution (2 December 1957) 88. Draft Resolution (2 December 1957) 89. Resolution 123 (1957) adopted by the Security Council at its 774th Meeting on 21 February 1957. (Document No. S/3793, dated the 21 February 1957) 90. The India-Pakistan Question, Australia, Cuba, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and United States of America: Joint Draft Resolution (20 February 1957) 91. Resolution 122 (1957) adopted by the Security Council at its 765th Meeting on 24 January 1957 92. Trade Agreement between India and Pakistan (22 January 1957) 93. Excerpts from Speech by Mr. V.K. Krishna Menon at Eleventh Session 611th Plenary Meeting, 6 December 1956 VOLUME III 94. Agreement between the Government of India and Pakistan on ad hoc Transitional Arrangements for the use of the Waters of the Indus System of Rivers (31 October 1955) 95. Inter-Governmental Agreement between India and Pakistan for ad hoc Transitional Arrangements for 1955 on the use of Indus River Waters (12 June 1955) 96. Agreed Minutes of the Meeting between Representatives of the Governments of India and Pakistan on Shrines (15 May 1955) 97. Agreement between the Government of Pakistan and the Government of India regarding Resumption of Rail Traffic (15 April 1955) 98. Report of the Basic Principles Committee, 1954 99. Report relating to Citizenship and Fundamental Rights of the Residents of J&K State, 1954 100. The Jammu and Kashmir Constitution (Amendment) Act, 2011 (14 May 1954) 101. Agreed Minutes of the Indo-Pakistan Conference on Recovery of Abducted Persons (8 May 1954) 102. Report of the Drafting Committee, 11 February 1954 103. Agreement between Pakistan and India, East-West Bengal Boundary Alignment (22 January 1954) 104. Indian Prime Minister Nehru’s letter to Pakistan Prime Minister on 10 November 1953 105. Indian Prime Minister Nehru’s letter to Pakistan Prime Minister on 3 September 1953 106. Bakshi Ghulam Mohammad’s reply to Sadar-i-Riyasat’s letter (9 August 1953) 107. Joint Memorandum submitted by Cabinet Members of the Sheikh Abdullah’s Ministry to the Sadar-i-Riyasat J&K State, 8 August 1953 108. Sadar-i-Riyasat’s letter to Sheikh Abdullah (8 August 1953) 109. Order Issued by the Sadar-i-Riyasat, 8 August 1953 110. Minutes of the Meeting held in the Room of Mr. G. Ahmed, Secretary, Ministry of the Interior, Government of Pakistan to discuss the Question of Protection, Preservation and Maintenance of Places of Religious Worship in India and Pakistan (1 and 4 August 1953) 111. Agreed Decisions following Discussions between the Leaders of the Indian and Pakistan Trade Delegations (20 March 1953) 112. Exchange of Notes Constituting an Agreement between the Government of India and the Government of Pakistan regarding the Operation of Air Services to Afghanistan by Indian Aircraft (1 January and 20 February 1953) 113. Summary of Agreed Decisions at the Indo-Pakistan Passport Conference (28 January to 1 February 1953) 114. Resolution 98 (1952) adopted by the Security Council at its 611th Meeting on 23 December 1952. (Document No. S/2883, dated the 24 December 1952) 115. Agreement between Pakistan and India regarding East-West Bengal Boundary Alignment (21 August 1952) 116. Resolution of the Constituent Assembly pertaining to the Head of the State of J&K, 20 August 1952 117. Report of the Drafting Committee regarding Head of J&K State, 20 August 1952 118. Sheikh Mohammad Abdullah’s Statement to the Constituent Assembly of J&K on Delhi Agreement, 11 August 1952 119. Trade Agreement between India and Pakistan (5 August 1952) 120. Resolution moved by Durga Prasad Dhar regarding Head of J&K State, 12 June 1952 121. Memorandum submitted by Shri Cheewang Rigzin, President Buddhist Association, Ladakh to the Prime Minister of India on behalf of the people of Ladakh 122. Resolution 96 (1951) concerning the India-Pakistan Question adopted by the Security Council on 10 November 1951. (Document No. S/2392, dated the 10 November 1951) 123. Text of Memorandum submitted by 14 Muslim Leaders of India to Dr. Frank P. Graham, United Nations Representative, 14 August 1951 124. Article 370 of Indian Constitution, 14 August 1951 125. Sadar-i-Riyasat’s letter to Bakshi Ghulam Mohammad (9 August 1951) 126. Resolution 91 (1951) concerning the India-Pakistan Question submitted by the Representatives of United Kingdom and United States and adopted by the Security Council on 30 March 1951. (Document No. S/2017/Rev. I, dated the 30 March 1951) 127. Trade Agreement between India and Pakistan (26 February 1951) 128. Agreement between the Governments of India and Pakistan regarding Security and Rights of Minorities (Nehru-Liaquat Agreement) (8 April 1950) 129. Resolution 80 (1950) concerning the India-Pakistan Question, submitted by the Representatives of Cuba, Norway, United Kingdom and United States and adopted by the Security Council on 14 March 1950. (Document No. S/1469 dated the 14 March 1950) 130. Proposal in respect of Jammu and Kashmir made by General A.G.L. McNaughton, President of the Security Council of the United Nations, pursuant to the Decision of the Security Council taken at its 457th Meeting, on 22 December 1949 131. Agreement between Military Representatives of India and Pakistan regarding the establishment of Cease-fire Line in the State of Jammu and Kashmir (27 July 1949) 132. Trade Agreement between India and Pakistan (24 June 1949) 133. Agreement on Banking between the Government of India and the Government of Pakistan (23 April 1949) 134. The Karachi Agreement (March 1949) 135. Text of the United Nations Commission for India and Pakistan Resolution (5 January 1949) 136. Resolution adopted at the Meeting of the United Nations Commission for India and Pakistan on 5 January 1949. (Document No. S/1196, para is dated the 10 January 1949) 137. Resolution of the United Nations Commission for India and Pakistan (13 August 1948) 138. Resolution 51 (1948) on the India-Pakistan Question submitted by the Representative of Syria and adopted by the Security Council at its 312th Meeting held on 3 June 1948 (Document No. S/819, dated the 3 June 1948) 139. Inter-Dominion Agreement, between the Government of India and the Government of Pakistan, on the Canal Water Dispute between East and West Punjab (4 May 1948) 140. Resolution 47 (1948) on the India-Pakistan Question submitted jointly by the Representatives for Belgium, Canada, China, Columbia, the United Kingdom and United States of America and adopted by the Security Council at its 286th Meeting held on 21 April 1948. (Document No. S/726, dated the 21 April 1948) 141. Draft Resolution presented by the President (Canada) of the Security Council and the Rapporteur (Belgium) on 6 February 1948 (Document No. 667, dated the 10 February 1948) 142. Letter of the Maharaja Hari Singh to Sardar Patel (31 January 1948) 143. Resolution 39 of the United Nations Security Council (20 January 1948) 144. Resolution 38 (1948) submitted by the Representative of Belgium and adopted by the Security Council at its 229th Meeting held on 17 January 1948. (Document No. S/651, dated the 17 January 1948) 145. Resolution 38 of the United Nations Security Council (17 January 1948) 146. Speech at the Prayer Meeting on 4 January 1948 by M.K. Gandhi 147. India’s Complaint to United Nations Security Council (1 January 1948) 148. Indian Independence Act, 1947 149. Pakistan Prime Minister Liaquat Ali Khan’s Telegram of 12 December 1947 150. Agreement for the Avoidance of Double Taxation of Income between the Government of the Dominion of India and the Government of the Dominion of Pakistan (10 December 1947) 151. Nehru’s address to Constituent Assembly of India on 25 November 1947 152. Indian Prime Minister Nehru’s telegram to Pakistan Prime Minister on 21 November 1947 153. Indian Prime Minister Nehru’s telegram to Pakistan Prime Minister on 8 November 1947 154. Indian Prime Minister Nehru’s telegram to Pakistan Prime Minister on 4 November 1947 155. Nehru’s Reiteration of Plebiscite Pledge in a Telegram to Liaquat Ali Khan of 3 November 1947 156. Excerpts from Nehru’s Broadcast on 2 November 1947 157. Nehru’s Telegram to Liaquat Ali Khan (31 October 1947) 158. Telegram from Pakistan Prime Minister (Liaquat Ali Khan) to Indian Prime Minister (Pandit Nehru) on 30 October 1947 159. Telegram from Pakistan Prime Minister to British Prime Minister on 29 October 1947 160. Telegram from Jawaharlal Nehru to Prime Minister Liaquat Ali Khan on 28 October 1947 161. Nehru’s Telegram to Liaquat Ali Khan on 27 October 1947, the day the Indian Army officially intervened in Kashmir 162. Acceptance of Instrument of Accession of Jammu and Kashmir State by Governor General of India, 27 October 1947 163. Governor General Mountbatten’s reply Telegram to Maharaja’s request for (alleged) accession to India on 27 October 1947 164. Letter from Maharaja Hari Singh to Lord Mountbatten on the eve of Pakistan’s invasion on J&K in 1947 (26 & 27 October 1947) 165. Excerpts of telegram dated 26 October 1947 from Jawaharlal Nehru to the British Prime Minister, Clement Attlee 166. Instrument of Accession of Jammu and Kashmir State, 26 October 1947 167. Telegram from Governor-General, Pakistan to Maharaja of Jammu and Kashmir on 20 October 1947 168. Telegram from Prime Minister of Kashmir to Governor-General of Pakistan on 18 October 1947 169. Telegraphic Reply of Prime Minister of Kashmir to Government of Pakistan on 15 October 1947 170. Telegram from Foreign Secretary to the Government of Pakistan to the Prime Minister of Kashmir on 12 October 1947 171. Resolution of Kashmir Socialist Party, 18 September 1947 172. Resolution of Kisan Mazdoor Conference, 5 September 1947 173. Telegram from Foreign Secretary, Government of Pakistan, Karachi, to Prime Minister of Jammu and Kashmir, Srinagar, 15 August 1947 174. Telegram from Prime Minister, Kashmir State, to Sardar Abdur Rob Nishtor, States Relations Department, Karachi, 12 August 1947 175. Resolution of Congress Working Committee on States, 15 June 1947 176. Statement of Acharya Kriplani, Congress President, at Mujahid Manzil, Srinagar, 21 May 1947 177. Press Statement: Chowdhry Hamidullah Khan, President, Jammu and Kashmir Muslim Conference, 10 May 1947 178. Chronology of Summits