About the Book

• Primary objective of this book is to prepare competent nurses to meet challenging situations.
• Prepared according to the curriculum of Indian Nursing Council as well as the syllabus adopted by various universities overseas.
• Contains two major sections, viz. Basic Nursing Care, and Advance Medical and Surgical Procedure.
• Each procedure is divided into five parts, named as Definition, Purposes, Equipment, Steps-of-procedure and Points-to-note.
• Aims to enhance quality of nursing education in India.
• Ready reference for better understanding of basic and advance medical and surgical nursing procedures.
• Useful for both nursing students and nurse educators.

About the Author

JC Helen Shaji MA (Psychology) MSc (Nursing) PHd (Nursing)

Table of Contents:
Section 1: Basic Nursing Care Procedures 1. Bed Making ............................................................................................3 Making an Unoccupied Bed............................................................................. 3 Changing an Occupied Bed.............................................................................. 5 Making a Postoperative Bed............................................................................. 8 2. Checking Vital Signs ............................................................................11 Checking Oral and Axillary Temperature ..................................................... 11 Observation of Pulse ....................................................................................... 13 Observation of Respiration............................................................................. 15 Measurement of Blood Pressure ..................................................................... 16 3. Performing Hygienic Procedures and Other Basic Procedures .......19 Mouth Care...................................................................................................... 19 Hair Combing.................................................................................................. 21 Hair Wash........................................................................................................ 22 Eye Care ........................................................................................................... 24 Sponge Bath .................................................................................................... 25 Nail Care.......................................................................................................... 28 Back Care......................................................................................................... 29 Foot Care ......................................................................................................... 32 Perineal Care................................................................................................... 33 Performing Physical Examination................................................................. 35 Nasogastric Tube Insertion............................................................................. 52 Nasogastric Tube Feeding............................................................................... 55 Administration of Oxygen Therapy................................................................ 56 Surgical Dressing............................................................................................. 60 4. Specimen Collection............................................................................64 Collection of Blood Specimen......................................................................... 64 Collection of Urine Specimen......................................................................... 75 Collection of Sputum Specimen ..................................................................... 81 Stool Sample Collection.................................................................................. 85 Vaginal Swab Collection................................................................................. 86 Wound Swab Collection ................................................................................. 87 5. Administration of Medications ...........................................................89 Administration of Oral Drugs ........................................................................ 89 Preparation of Injections................................................................................ 90 Administration of Intramuscular Injection................................................... 93 Administration of Subcutaneous Injections.................................................. 95 Administration of Insulin Injections.............................................................. 97 Administration of Intradermal Injections................................................... 102 Administration of Intravenous Injections.................................................... 104 Administering Medications by Heparin Lock.............................................. 107xiv Fundamentals of Nursing: Clinical Procedure Manual Administration of Eye Medications.............................................................. 110 Instillation of Ear Medication ...................................................................... 111 Instillation of Nasal Medication .................................................................. 112 Administration of Rectal Medications......................................................... 113 Administration of Vaginal Medications...................................................... 114 Preparation and Administration of Chemotherapy Drug.......................... 115 Section 2: Advanced and Other Nursing Procedures 6. Advanced Nursing Procedures..........................................................121 Intravenous Cannulation............................................................................. 121 Intravenous Infusion..................................................................................... 123 Urinary Catheterization............................................................................... 126 Care of Urinary Catheter.............................................................................. 130 Bladder Irrigation......................................................................................... 132 Ear Irrigation ................................................................................................ 134 Eye Irrigation................................................................................................. 136 Endotracheal/Tracheal Suctioning.............................................................. 138 Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy Feeding ........................................ 140 Jejunostomy Feeding ..................................................................................... 142 Administration of Total Parenteral Nutrition ............................................ 142 Blood Transfusion......................................................................................... 144 Insertion of Enema and Suppositories......................................................... 145 Colostomy Care ............................................................................................. 147 Extravasations .............................................................................................. 149 Care for Neutropenic..................................................................................... 154 Modified Early Warning Signs ..................................................................... 154 Basic Life Support ......................................................................................... 157 Advanced Cardiac Life Support................................................................... 162 Glasgow Coma Scale..................................................................................... 173 7. Assisting Procedures .........................................................................175 Abdominal Paracentesis............................................................................... 175 Thoracentesis................................................................................................. 177 Assisting with Lumbar Puncture.................................................................. 180 Liver Biopsy ................................................................................................... 182 Bone Marrow Aspiration and Biopsy........................................................... 184 Kidney Biopsy................................................................................................ 186 Assisting for Central Venous Catheterization.............................................. 188 Assisting with Endotracheal Intubation...................................................... 190 Application of Skin Traction ........................................................................ 192 Application of Pelvic Traction...................................................................... 194 Assisting for Skull Traction........................................................................... 195 Assisting for Skeletal Traction ...................................................................... 197 Assisting for Papanicolaou Test.................................................................... 199 Assisting for Dilatation and Curettage ........................................................ 200 Assisting for Suprapubic Catheterization.................................................... 202 8. Infection Control Procedures ...........................................................206 Hand Hygiene................................................................................................ 206 Surgical Scrubbing........................................................................................ 208Contents xv Gowning ........................................................................................................ 211 Masking ......................................................................................................... 213 Gloving Technique ........................................................................................ 213 Post Needlestick Injury Protocol................................................................... 216 Biomedical Waste Management .................................................................. 219 Index ...................................................................................................223