Excerpt from Forest Resources of Texas

Within the State of Texas the natural conditions on which depend the range and make-up of the forest are of the most diverse character. In geographical position, its southernmost point lies almost in the edge of the Tropics, while its far northern portions are within the wheat and corn belt of the Middle Western States. Its climate varies from the even warmth of the coast lowlands, tempered by the ameliorating influences of the Gulf, to the rigors and extremes of the mountainous interior, and from the heavy rainfall and moisture-laden air of the east to the arid conditions of the western desert, with its dry, burn ing winds. In relief, the State rises from the sea level by diversified terraces to high plains or feet above the Gulf, and then to rugged mountains of the continental axis, which attain an elevation of nearly feet. This vast terraced area has 'been further diversified by extensive erosion, which has carved and transported and built up again. The geological structure has resulted in the formation of soils of such divergent types as the alluvial bottomlands of the Gulf coast, the waxy loams of the prairies, and the wooded highlands and broken masses of the Plateau and Cordilleran Region. Corresponding to these differences in environment, the State presents a variety of forest types which passes from the swamp and bayou for est of east Texas, essentially the same with that of the States which border the lower Mississippi, through the great timber territory of the longleaf pine on the south, and to the north the no less extensive, though less valuable, region of the post oak, to the chaparral and mesquite of the Rio Grande Plain, and to the stunted bull pine and red fir of the summits and high canyons of the extreme west.

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