Excerpt from Forest Planting in the Lake States

The land in need of reforestation to which this bulletin applies (fig. Lies in the northern two-thirds of the States of Michigan, Wisconsin, and Minnesota. It includes the area north of a line from Saginaw Bay, in Michigan, westward through Sheboygan, Wis, thence northwestward through St. Croix Falls, lwis, to Wadena, Minn, and northward to Thief River Falls and the Canadian bound ary. This is the region from which the famous white pine lumber of the Lake States came, and which more recently has produced and continues to produce a large quantity of sugar maple, eastern hem lock, basswood, yellow birch, beech, spruces, balsam fir, and jack pine. It does not include the southern parts of the three States, where oaks, hickories, and maples are the characteristic trees usually occurring as small woodland areas on farms. The planting prob lems of the southern area of the Lake States are not the same as those of the north; they have already been covered to some extent in several published reports 6, 13, 14, 32, 33, 34, 38, 60, 6-5, 68, 69, The climate, topography, and soil, although varying locally, are for the region as a whole comparably uniform. The precipitation ranges from about 25 inches annually in parts of lower Michigan and western Minnesota to 40 inches in northwestern Wisconsin. For most of the region it is between 30 and 35 inches annually, of which 20 to 25 inches falls during the growing season from April 1 to September 80. The snowfall increases northward and is noticeably heavier and remains on the ground longer in the region of Lake Superior and in northern Minnesota than elsewhere in the region.

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