Electrical and thermal properties are important characteristics of nanomaterials that determine their behavior and performance in various applications. The electrical conductivity of a nanomaterial describes its ability to carry an electric current, while its resistivity measures its ability to resist the flow of electricity. These properties are influenced by factors such as the size, shape, and composition of the material, as well as any impurities or defects present.
Similarly, the thermal conductivity of a nanomaterial describes its ability to conduct heat, while its thermal resistivity measures its ability to resist the flow of heat. The thermal properties of a material are also affected by its size, shape, and composition, as well as any defects or impurities present.
In addition, nanomaterials exhibit unique thermoelectric properties, which describe their ability to convert temperature differences into electrical energy, or vice versa. This effect is known as the thermoelectric effect and is important for applications such as power generation and refrigeration.
The electrical and thermal properties of nanomaterials are closely related, as they both involve the transport of energy through the material. As a result, they are often studied together and can be manipulated using similar techniques, such as bandgap engineering and quantum confinement.
A thorough understanding of the electrical and thermal properties of nanomaterials is crucial for the development of new materials and for optimizing their performance in various applications, including electronics, energy storage and conversion, and biomedical devices.
Nanotechnology is a multidisciplinary field, considered to be one of the most vital field for
future research, development and applications that cover advanced avenues of physics, chemistry,
biology and engineering. Nanomaterials, materials with their constituent particles in the range of
1-100 nm, have therefore been widely studied with great enthusiasm due to their various
fascinating physical and chemical properties and potential applications in our daily life,
science and technology.
Therefore, it requires the contributions from physicists, chemists, biologist and engineers to
work together to search nanotechnology-based solutions of existing problems including
energy conversion, production and others related to our daily life. They are thus
putting wondrous efforts intelligently and hence this field is steadily growing. Materials
scientists and chemists are discovering new methods to prepare novel nanomaterials, and manipulate
their properties to develop fundamental understanding and make them possible for desired
applications. Biologists are making these nanomaterials biocompatible and applied them for
biotechnology, which deals with metabolic and other physiological processes including microorganisms.
