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Dossier Mithra: La alternativa espiritual del culto legionario

Dossier Mithra: La alternativa espiritual del culto legionario

          
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About the Book

Tras reunir, traducir y editar, los textos incluidos en este dossier, confesamos que el conjunto nos ha impresionado particularmente.

Hasta ese momento, creíamos sabíamos solamente que el mithraismo era una forma de paganismo, caracterizado -como otras fórmulas religiosas del pasado- por la preeminencia de su componente "iniciática". Sabíamos también que los pocos testimonios que han sobrevivido a la acción del tiempo, a las destrucciones deliberadas y la ley del silencio que obligada a todos los iniciados en las fraternidades mithraicas, han dejado como únicos testigos y objetos de estudio, unos cientos de pequeños templos mithraicos esparcidos por el área del Imperio Romano, la mayoría datados en los siglos I al IV de nuestra era. Gracias al simbolismo de sus elementos ornamentales, han podido deducirse no pocos rasgos del mithraismo romano. Era la religión más característica de los legionarios.

Su tiempo no era aquel. En el período de decadencia de la romanidad, parecía claro que una religión iniciática y, por tanto, elitista, reducida a la alta administración imperial y a los cuadros y tropa legionarios, no conseguiría nunca ser mayoritaria. El mithraismo nunca pudo competir con el cristianismo, así que, tras el intento fallido de restauración de Juliano Emperador, debió aceptar la derrota y replegarse. Es posible que algunas tradiciones y festividades mithraicas (la Navidad, las fiestas de Pascua) propias de esta religión fueran heredadas por el cristianismo primitivo. Pero lo cierto fue que el espíritu del cristianismo y el del mithraismo eran absolutamente diferentes y sus comunidades reclutaban fieles en ambientes opuestos.

El ciclo cristiano ha durado 2.000 años, pero todo induce a pensar que está llegando a su fin. No nos alegramos -a fin de cuentas, el catolicismo ha sido la religión de nuestros padres y la que ha dado un rostro a los distintos países europeos y no estamos dispuestos a arrojar piedras sobre nuestro "propio tejado"-, simplemente lo constatamos. El mithraismo era una forma de culto solar. Proponía un acceso a la trascendencia a través de un sistema iniciático. Partía de la existencia de dos realidades diferenciadas: el mundo físico y el mundo metafísico. La iniciación era el "trampolín" utilizado para ascender de uno a otro. Se trataba de una antigua religión que procedía, originariamente, del mundo indo-ario, tuvo su parte en los Vedas y luego en el zoroastrismo iranio. Los piratas cilicios capturados por Pompeyo, lo llevaron a Roma y allí, en la medida en que se trataba de un culto solar y de un mito heroico, tuvo especial difusión entre los legionarios.

Era una religión viril, reservada, casi clandestina. Pero los centros de culto mithriaco lograron extenderse por todo el Imperio. Se han podido deducir los principios de aquella religión y se conoce mucho mejor su iconografía. También ha podido rescatarse algún papiro que nos habla de liturgias mithriacas (no de iniciaciones). Uno de ellos es el que traducimos por primera vez al castellano: el llamado Gran Papiro Mágico de París comentado por Julius Evola y sus compañeros del Grupo de Ur (que lo tradujeron por primera vez del griego a finales de los años 20, incluyendo una introducción y unos comentarios que incluimos también en este dossier.


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Product Details
  • ISBN-13: 9798361576302
  • Publisher: Amazon Digital Services LLC - Kdp
  • Publisher Imprint: Independently Published
  • Height: 229 mm
  • No of Pages: 200
  • Spine Width: 12 mm
  • Weight: 304 gr
  • ISBN-10: 8361576304
  • Publisher Date: 01 Nov 2022
  • Binding: Paperback
  • Language: Spanish
  • Returnable: N
  • Sub Title: La alternativa espiritual del culto legionario
  • Width: 152 mm

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