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Die algerischen und ägyptischen Militärreformen zu Beginn des 19. Jahrhunderts - Ein Vergleich

Die algerischen und ägyptischen Militärreformen zu Beginn des 19. Jahrhunderts - Ein Vergleich

          
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About the Book

Studienarbeit aus dem Jahr 2008 im Fachbereich Orientalistik / Sinologie - Islamwissenschaft, Note: 1,3, Universität Hamburg (Asien-Afrika-Institut, Abteilung für Geschichte und Kultur des Vorderen Orients), Veranstaltung: Reform und Widerstand bei 'Abd al-Qādir al-Ğaza'irī, Sprache: Deutsch, Abstract: Zu Beginn des 19. Jahrhunderts kam es in mehreren muslimischen Ländern zu militärischen Reformen. Ausgehend vom Osmanischen Reich entwickelten sich zunächst in Ägypten, dann in Persien und schließlich in den Maghrebstaaten Reformprogramme, deren Ziel es war, die militärische Unterlegenheit gegenüber Europa auszugleichen. Zu Beginn des 19. Jahrhunderts beherrschte das Osmanische Reich noch immer Südosteuropa und Nordafrika bis an die Grenzen Marokkos. Doch die Unterlegenheit seiner Armee gegenüber seinen europäischen Feinden hatte sich inzwischen allzu deutlich gezeigt. Erste Versuche das Militär zu reformieren gingen auf das 18. Jahrhundert zurück, blieben jedoch erfolglos. Noch war die militärische Unterlegenheit nicht so groß, dass radikale Reformen in Angriff genommen worden wären. Doch als sich dann die autonomen Provinzgouverneure ebenfalls daran machten, moderne Streitkräfte aufzustellen, konnten sie bereits auf die ersten Reformen im Osmanischen Reich zurückgreifen. Einer dieser Provinzgouverneure war Muhammad 'Ali in Ägypten. Er kam als Angehöriger einer osmanischen Armee in diese Provinz, zu der auch erste reformierte osmanische Einheiten gehörten. Ein weiterer Herrscher war 'Abd al-Qadir in Algerien, der auf seiner Pilgerfahrt nach Mekka mit den Reformen in Ägypten in Kontakt gekommen war. Beide Herrscher bauten ihre Armeen nach europäischem Vorbild auf, beide bedienten sich dabei massiver europäischer Hilfe und beide scheiterten letztendlich. Gegenstand dieser Arbeit soll es sein, ihre Reformen zu vergleichen und zu schauen, wo es Gemeinsamkeiten gab, welche Probleme sich ergaben, und ob diese Probleme vielleicht identisch waren. Zu diesem Zweck erschei


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Product Details
  • ISBN-13: 9783640569199
  • Publisher: Grin Verlag
  • Publisher Imprint: Grin Verlag
  • Height: 210 mm
  • No of Pages: 60
  • Series Title: German
  • Weight: 91 gr
  • ISBN-10: 3640569199
  • Publisher Date: 19 Mar 2010
  • Binding: Paperback
  • Language: German
  • Returnable: N
  • Spine Width: 4 mm
  • Width: 148 mm


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