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Das Wagnis Tradition: Arabische Wege Der Theatralitat

Das Wagnis Tradition: Arabische Wege Der Theatralitat

          
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About the Book

English summary: What is theatre, is there a specific "Arab" theatre? Or does this medium have the same meaning everywhere in the world? Since the sixties, these questions have been hotly debated in the Arab cultural scene. Serveral Arab researchers and theatrical artists argued against the internationally recognised thesis that an indepentend theatre tradition has never existed in Arab culture. Research was undertaken into a variety of sources, extending from the Middle Ages to European travel journals, and located a whole series of instances of Arabian techniques for acting and portrayal, ones however that had very little to do with classical European drama. In fact they contained elements which, since the sixties, many of Europe's avant-garde performance artists have gone back to so as to dissociate themselves from tradtional bourgois drama.The author places the debate on Arab theatre forms into research field concerned with theatricality. For some time now drama and cultural studies have worked on establishing new criteria for understanding contemporary theatre. Theatre is seen as an event that happens between the stage and the audience. No longer does a literary text stand at the centre of attention, but rather the communication between actors and audience, that is the process of theatricality.These criteria allow us not only to grasp avant-garde performances in Europe, but also Arab forms of theatricality. In Europe artists experimented with non-European forms of perfomance, with rituals, dance and masques; in this way they sought to cast off the prescriptions laid down by conventional Aristotelian drama. Initially in the Arab world European classics were imitated and adapted for the Arab audience. In the course of strengthening anti-colonialsm however artists strove to distance themselves from European drama, as they felt swamped by colonial influence. Since the sixties a strong perference has developed for experimenting with Arab traditions such as the story-teller, the shadow play or ritual portrayals and to fill them with contemporary concerns. Hence, Arab and European performing artists have met, so to say, halfway, each searching for a contemporary understanding of theatre appealing to the public.We also find such tendencies however in Singapore, Africa or Latin America: elements from various periods and cultures are syncretically brought togehter and new, independent forms developed. In the global situation of contemporary art an artistic language has formed that surpasses national or cultural boundaries. In this context culture can no longer be understood as a self-enclosed unity that would need to be clearly dinstinguished from other such units. For some time current discussions in anthropology have centred around an open, dialogical concept of cultre. With this new concept of culture important phenomena in the Arab theatre world since the sixties are only now understandable. Theatre is a cultural act that cannot be viewed in isolation but rather one that has arisen in a process of trans-cultural interactions and can only be interpreted on the basis of such an exchange. German description: Was ist "Theater", gibt es ein eigenes "arabisches" Theater? Oder hat dieses Medium uberall in der Welt dieselbe Bedeutung? Seit den sechziger Jahren wurden diese Fragen in der arabischen Kulturszene heiss diskutiert. Arabische Forscher und Theaterkunstler stellten sich gegen die international anerkannte These, in der arabischen Kultur habe es keine eingestandige Theatertradition gegeben. Man erforschte mittelalterliche Quellen bis hin zu europaischen Reiseberichten und fand eine ganze Reihe von Belegen fur arabische Darstellungskunste, die mit dem klassischen europaischen Drama allerdings wenig zu tun haben. Doch sie enthalten Elemente, auf die viele avantgardistische Performancekunstler Europas seit den sechziger Jahren zuruckgegriffen haben, um sich vom traditionellen Drama des Burgertums abzugrenzen.Die Autorin ordnet die Debatte um arabische Theaterformen in den Bereich der Theatralitatsforschung ein. Seit einiger Zeit werden in den Theater- und Kulturwissenschaften neue Kriterien zum Verstandnis zeitgenossischer Theaterformen erarbeitet. Theater wird hier als Ereignis gesehen, das zwischen Buhne und Publikum geschieht. Nicht ein literarischer Text steht im Mittelpunkt der Betrachtung, sondern die Kommunikation zwischen Schauspielern und Zuschauern, das heisst der Prozess der Theatralitat.Mit diesen Kriterien lassen sich nicht nur avantgardistische Performances in Europa, sondern ebenso arabische Formen von Theatralitat erfassen. In Europa experimentierten Theaterkunstler mit aussereuopaischen Performanceformen, mit Ritualen, Tanzen und Maskenspielen; sie wollten damit die Vorgaben des konventionell aristotelischen Dramas ablegen. In der arabischen Welt wurden zunachst europaische Klassiker imitiert und fur das arabische Publikum adaptiert. Im Zuge des erstarkenden Anti-Kolonialismus aber strebte man nach einer Distanzierung vom europaischen Drama, das als koloniale Uberfremdung empfunden wurde. Seit den sechziger Jahren hat sich eine grosse Vorliebe entwickelt, mit arabischen Traditionen wie dem Geschichtenerzahler, dem Schattenspiel oder rituellen Darstellungen zu experimentieren und sie mit aktuellen Inhalten zu fullen. So kommt es, dass sich arabische und europaische Performancekunstler sozusagen auf halbem Wege trafen, jeder auf der Suche nach einem zeitgemassen und publikumsnahen Verstandnis von Theater.Doch auch in Singapur, Afrika, Lateinamerika oder China finden wir diese Tendenzen: Elemente aus verschiedenen Zeiten und Kulturen werden synkretisch verbunden und daraus neue, eigenstandige Formen entwickelt. In einer globalen Situation zeitgenossischer Kunst hat sich eine kunstlerische Sprache gebildet, die nationale der kulturelle Grenzen uberwindet. Kultur kann in diesem Zusammenhang nicht mehr als eine in sich geschlossene Einheit verstanden werden, die von anderen solchen Einheiten klar abzugrenzen ware. In der aktuellen Anthropologie ist seit einiger Zeit ein offener, dialogischer, oder genauer gesagt poly-logischer, Kulturbegriff in der Diskussion. Mit diesem neuen Begriff von Kultur werden wichtige Phanomene in der arabischen Theaterwelt seit den sechziger Jahren erst richtig verstandlich. Theater ist ein kultureller Akt, der nicht isoliert zu betrachten ist, sondern in einem Prozess trans-kultureller Interaktionen entstanden und nur aus ihm heraus zu interpretieren ist.


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Product Details
  • ISBN-13: 9783895001857
  • Publisher: Dr Ludwig Reichert
  • Publisher Imprint: Dr Ludwig Reichert
  • Language: German
  • Returnable: N
  • Sub Title: Arabische Wege Der Theatralitat
  • ISBN-10: 3895001856
  • Publisher Date: 05 Nov 2000
  • Binding: Hardback
  • No of Pages: 336
  • Series Title: Literaturen Im Kontext. Arabisch - Persisch - Turkisch
  • Weight: 700 gr


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