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Conquistando la leyenda negra: imperio, fraternidad universal y el individuo moderno en Pardo Bazán y Blasco Ibáñez (1898-1914)

Conquistando la leyenda negra: imperio, fraternidad universal y el individuo moderno en Pardo Bazán y Blasco Ibáñez (1898-1914)

          
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About the Book

Álvaro A. Ayo examines how the early twentieth century writers Emilia Pardo Bazán and Vicente Blasco Ibáñez used their fiction to refute centuries-old anti-Spanish propaganda known as the "Black Legend."

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El hecho de que Emilia Pardo Bazán es la primera persona en utilizar el sintagma leyenda negra en su acepción hispanófoba para reprobar sus implicaciones y que Vicente Blasco Ibáñez sigue sus pasos poco años después explica su estudio conjunto. Ambos autores no solo reprueban las apreciaciones negroleyendistas sobre su país forjadas en otras naciones europeas a través de los siglos sino que también evitan caer en el patrioterismo exculpatorio de la leyenda dorada, otro sintagma que emplean, consolidando una postura simultáneamente crítica y reivindicativa. Tal temática se advierte en su pensamiento y en su producción novelística máxime entre la derrota española ante Estados Unidos en 1898 y el inicio de la Gran Guerra.

Durante este período, que coincide con la llamada era del imperio (1875-1914), Pardo y Blasco se valen de estrategias narrativas puntuales en su novelar para controvertir la pretensión de supremacía histórica y de centralidad geográfica de las potencias occidentales mediante la cual naciones como Inglaterra, Alemania y Francia justifican su dominio del orbe y la subestimación de España. No obstante, en lugar de meramente defender a su país de las acusaciones que estructuran el relato negroleyendista-las más salientes refieren la crueldad de sus empresas de conquista y la incapacidad de sus ciudadanos para encajar en el mundo moderno-Pardo y Blasco arremeten contra sus acusadores. Dentro del marco de este accionar contraacusatorio afirman su propia europeidad y la de su patria mientras cuestionan irónicamente lo que significa ser europeo resaltando las limitaciones y los yerros de dichas potencias, las sedicentes naciones más civilizadas de la historia. Esto los lleva a matizar la polarización España-Europa que numerosos contemporáneos, muchos de ellos asociados con el regeneracionismo y la generación del 98, destacan con más estridencia que sustancia. Al hacerlo, Pardo y Blasco entablan diálogo con figuras de la intelectualidad española como Joaquín Costa, Unamuno, Galdós, Juderías, Blanca de los Ríos y Maragall.

En el contexto de las postrimerías del apogeo del expansionismo occidental y de la explosión de la Primera Guerra Mundial, procesos merecedores de su propia leyenda negra como sugieren Pardo y Blasco, las reflexiones de ambos no constituyen simples divagaciones negacionistas a raíz de la caída del imperio español. Al contrario, tal reflexionar forma parte de un pertinente intento de problematización tanto del globalismo imperialista como del cosmopolitismo (en el sentido de convivencia fraternal consensuada), dos proyectos universalistas delineados en Occidente en plena modernidad. Sobre todo en algunas obras de ficción que producen entre 1898 y 1914, Pardo Bazán y Blasco Ibáñez representan la interacción del individuo moderno masculino y del femenino con esferas sociales, nacionales y supranacionales (el mundo, la humanidad) a partir de lo que podría denominarse conciencia de imperialidad global, vale decir, el entendimiento de que un ciudadano de un país como España, incluso tras la debacle colonial, pertenece a una nación vista como una entidad de impacto individual y colectivo a nivel planetario y en la historia universal.


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Product Details
  • ISBN-13: 9781588713865
  • Publisher: Juan de La Cuesta-Hispanic Monographs
  • Binding: Paperback
  • Language: Spanish
  • Returnable: N
  • Sub Title: imperio, fraternidad universal y el individuo moderno en Pardo Bazán y Blasco Ibáñez (1898-1914)
  • Width: 229 mm
  • ISBN-10: 1588713865
  • Publisher Date: 17 May 2022
  • Height: 153 mm
  • No of Pages: 390
  • Spine Width: 26 mm
  • Weight: 582 gr


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