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A Comparative Grammar Of The Modern Aryan Languages Of India: With Hindi, Punjabi, Sindhi, Gujarati, Marathi, Oriya And Bengali, 3 Parts (Bound. In 1)

A Comparative Grammar Of The Modern Aryan Languages Of India: With Hindi, Punjabi, Sindhi, Gujarati, Marathi, Oriya And Bengali, 3 Parts (Bound. In 1)

          
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About the Book

Contents Chap I : INTRODUCTION :1. Sanskrit the Parent of The Seven Languages2. First Exception, Elements Aryan, But not Sanskritic - the Prakrits3. Second Exception, Elements Neither Sanskritic nor Aryan4. Elementary Division of the Seven Languages,-Tatsama, Tadbhava, Desaja5. Early and late Tadbhavas6. The Accent7. Absence of Data During Nine Centuries8. Proportion of Words of the Three Classes in Each language9. Digression on the Hindi10. Proportion of Words Resumed11. Quantity of Arabic and Persian words in Each Language12-14. Inflectional Systems of the Seven Languages, - Question of non - Aryan Influence15. Stages of Development in the Present Day16. The Character17. Panjabi18. Bangali19. Oriya20. Pronunciation21. The Other Vowels22. Consonants23. Semivowels24. Sibilants25. Nasals26. Compound Consonants, - Peculiarities of Bangali27. Peculiarities of Sindhi28. Literature29. Dialects30. General Remarks on Chronological Sequence of the various Languages, and their Probable Future FateTable of Indian AlphabetsChap II : ON VOWEL CHANGES :31. i. Characteristics of Sanskrit Vowel Systemii. Vocalism of Races Bordering on India32. Change of to33. Change of to34. Retrospective Influence of and35. Change of to36. into37. into38. into39. into and40. Changes of Quantity - Shortening41. Ditto - Lengthening42. Guna and Vriddhi43. and its Changes44. Other ,Vowel Changes45. Insertion or Diaeresis46. Elision47. Vowels in HiatusChap III : CHANGES OF SINGLE CONSONANTS :48. General Remarks - Positional and Organic Changes49. Positional Changes - Initial Consonants50. Ditto - Medial Consonants51. i. Retention52. ii. Softening of Tenues to Mediae53. iii Elision54. Laws of the Three Processes55. Final Consonants56. Organic Changes - Gutturals57. Relation of palatals to Linguals58, Marathi substitution of Sibilants for Palatals59. Connexion Between Cerebrals and Dentals60. Further Transition of Cerebrals into I and I61. Modifications and Changes of Semivowels; (1)62. Id.,(2)63. Id.,(3)§64. Id., (4)65. The Nasals66. The Sibilants67. H68, 69. The Aspirates70. Visarga and Anuswara71. Inversion of WordsChap IV : CHANGES OF COMPOUND CONSONANTS :72. Ancient and Modern Articulation73. The Nexus-its Three, Classes74. The strong Nexus75. Saptan and its Derivatives76. Ud in Composition77. The Mixed Nexus78. Nasals in a Mixed Nexus79. Treatment of80. The Sibilants in a Mixed Nexus81. Treatment of82. Sibilants in Combination with Dental and Cerebral Strong Letters83. Semivowels in a Mixed Nexus and84. Id., and85. and in Combination with Dentals86. The Weak Nexus87. Nasal with Nasal88. Nasal with Semivowel89. Nasal with Sibilant90. Semivowel with Semivowel91. Semivowel with Sibilant92. in Combination with other Weak Letters93. Relative Strength of the Weak LettersBook II : THE NOUN AND PRONOUN :Chap. I : FORMATION OF THE STEM :1. Structure of the Noun2. Suffixes3. Stems in A4. Adjectives Formed from A - Stems5. Exceptions6. Stems in - NA and - ANA7. Stems .in -A Preceded by a Semivowel8. Stemsin - MA9. The KA- suffix, and its Ramifications10. Stems in - TRA11. Treatment of Feminine stems in -A12. Group of stems in the Palatal and Labial Short vowels13. The Long Vowels of those organs14. Stems in15. Dissyllabic and Consonantal Suffixes16. Stems of Rncertain Origin or Partial Application17. Secondary stems - Formation of. Abstract Nouns18. 19. The Same - Possessives and Attributives20 22. The Same, Continued23. Stems with Double Suffixes24. Formation of Diminutives25. Compound Nouns26. Numerals - Cardinals27. Numerals - Ordinals28. Other NumeralsChap. II GENDER :29. Natural and Grammatical Gender30. Use of Gender in the Seven Languages31.Typical Terminations of the Adjective32. Terminations of the Masculine33. Terminations of the Feminine34. Terminations of the Neuter35. Formation of Feminines from, Masculines36. Gender of Words Ending in Nants37. Decay of Gender - its Cause in Bengali and OriyaChap. III : DECLENSION :38. Inflection39. Preparation of the Stem in Oriya and Bengali40. The Same in Hindi and Panjabi41. The Same in Gujarati, Marathi and Sindhi42. Table Showing Terminations of the Stem43. Formation of the Plural in the Uniform Languages44. Formation of the Plural in the Multiform Languages45. Origin of the Plural Forms46. Origin and Analysis of the Singular Oblique Forms47. Oblique Forms of the Plural48. Remnants of the Synthetical System in other Cases49. Absence of Oblique and Plural forms from Certain Languages50. Internal Modifications of the stem in Marathi51.52. Quasi - Synthetical forms of some cases53. Adjectives54. Numerals55. Case - Affixes56. The Objective57. The Instrumental58. The Ablative59. The Genitive60. The Locative61. 62. PostpositionsChap. IV : THE PRONOUN :63. Pronoun of the First Person Singular64. Plural of the same65. The second Person Singular and Plural66. Genitive of the two First Persons67. Pronoun of the Third Person68. The Demonstrative69. The Relative70. The Correlative71. The Interrogative72


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Product Details
  • ISBN-13: 9788121503631
  • Publisher: Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers Pvt Ltd
  • Binding: Hardcover
  • Language: English
  • ISBN-10: 8121503639
  • Publisher Date: 2010
  • Edition: Reprint

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A Comparative Grammar Of The Modern Aryan Languages Of India: With Hindi, Punjabi, Sindhi, Gujarati, Marathi, Oriya And Bengali, 3 Parts (Bound. In 1)
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