Excerpt from The Chino-Japanese Treaties of May 25, 1915

The chino-japanese treaties of 1915, taken all together, comprise two treaties, properly so called, one respecting the Province of Shantung, and the other respecting South Manchuria and Eastern In ner Mongolia, and thirteen diplomatic notes ex changed between the Chinese and the Japanese Gov ernments and presumably attached to the above two treaties. For the sake of convenience, these two treaties and thirteen notes are hereafter referred to merely as the chino-japanese treaties of They were concluded on May 25, of the said year, as the result of the series of diplomatic negotiations in regard to the Twenty-one Demands. The said demands were made by the Japanese Government, January 18, 1915, and were pressed upon the Chi nese Government for acceptance in their entirety. The nature and the contents of these demands, the motive which had actuated them, and their political and economic significance, have been treated in ex temo in the brochure, The Twenty-one Demands.

We need only recapitulate them very briefly here in order to make our narrative comprehensible.

The demands consisted of five Groups, the first relating to Japan's succession to the German rights and concessions in the Shantung province, the sec ond relating to Japan's special interests in South Manchuria and Eastern Inner Mongolia, the third relating to Japan's desire of making the Han-yeh ping Company a chino-japanese joint enterprise, the fourth asking for non-alienation of the coast of China, and the fifth relating to the questions of China's national advisers, police administration, pur chase Oi arms, Japanese religious propaganda in China, Yangtze valley railways, and Fukien prov ince. Except the Fifth Group, which was postponed for future negotiation, the first four Groups of demands were embodied, in one form or ah other, in the two treaties and thirteen annexed notes.

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