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Carta Sobre La Tolerancia (Spanish Edition)

Carta Sobre La Tolerancia (Spanish Edition)

          
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About the Book

La "Carta sobre la tolerancia" de John Locke, publicada en el 1689, marca un antes y un después en la conceptualización occidental de la libertad de culto. El filósofo empirista empieza su carta asumiendo que la tolerancia es la principal característica de una verdadera Iglesia Cristiana, ya que la finalidad de la auténtica religión no es el ejercicio de la fuerza coactiva sobre otros hombres sino regular la vida de los hombres en lo que se refiere a su moralidad íntima y al culto que deciden darles a Dios. Locke constata que en ninguna parte de los evangelios se invita al uso de la violencia contra los que tienen religiones distintas, todo lo contrario, en la escena del prendimiento de Jesús, el hijo de María recrimina la actitud violenta de Pedro cuando hiere a uno de los captores. Además, sostiene el autor inglés, que si alguien hubiese podido imponer la religión por la fuerza, ese era precisamente Jesús de Nazaret y, sin embargo, no lo hizo sino que prefirió sufrir persecución a ser él mismo un perseguidor. Por lo tanto, ninguna Iglesia cristiana tiene el derecho de arrogarse una potestad que el mismo hijo de Dios no se arrogó la de perseguir a sangre y fuego a los que viven su relación con Dios de manera diferente. Pero, y esto es lo verdaderamente revolucionario, Locke llega más lejos al afirmar que tampoco el Estado tiene derecho a imponer una religión o un culto a sus súbditos. Llega a esta conclusión después de haber mostrado que el Estado es una sociedad de hombres que persiguen defender y hacer avanzar los intereses civiles que son, por ejemplo, la vida, la libertad, la propiedad, etc. El magistrado tiene jurisdicción sobre estos intereses pero sobre ninguno más, del mismo modo que la Iglesia tampoco puede interferir en los asuntos del Estado, ya que su función es la salvación de las almas y no velar por los intereses civiles. Por si fuera poco, es un hecho para Locke, como para Spinoza, que a ningún hombre se le puede forzar a tener fe en una religión en la que él de motu propio no cree. Si el Estado o la Iglesia pretendiera tal cosa, pretendería algo imposible o fomentaría la hipocresía como virtud social, cosa que no es deseable por ningún gobierno justo. Por tanto, debemos de tolerar la diversidad de culto pero, también permitir que alguien que siente como falsa la religión en la que ha sido educado abandone esa religión y abrace la que considere en conciencia verdadera.


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Product Details
  • ISBN-13: 9781543157420
  • Publisher: Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
  • Publisher Imprint: Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
  • Height: 229 mm
  • No of Pages: 44
  • Series Title: Spanish
  • Weight: 72 gr
  • ISBN-10: 1543157424
  • Publisher Date: 16 Feb 2017
  • Binding: Paperback
  • Language: Spanish
  • Returnable: N
  • Spine Width: 2 mm
  • Width: 152 mm


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