Siamese fighting fish, or fighting fish, are among the most widely farmed freshwater fish species in the world. For lovers of all ages, their attractive habits, intricate fins, and stunning colors make them the perfect companions. In this chapter, we delve into the interesting world of bettas and examine their history, habitat, physical characteristics, and distinctive habits. History and origins: The shallow waters of Southeast Asia, particularly those of Thailand, Cambodia, Vietnam and Laos, are originally home to the fighting fish (Betta splendens). It was first discovered in the rice fields, floodplains and slow-flowing streams of these areas. The alternative nickname "Siamese fighting fish" refers to fighting fish, as they were originally bred for their aggressiveness, used in ancient martial arts with Siamese fish, rather than for their bright colors and long fins. Dedicated enthusiasts have selectively bred bettas over the years, creating the vibrant and diverse species we see today. By focusing on improving characteristics such as color intensity, fin shape, and overall attractiveness, breeders have created a variety of beautiful bettas that are sold to aquariums. Physical properties: Betta fish are differentiated from other aquarium species by a number of unique physical characteristics. Their bodies are typically elongated and exhibit a wide range of colors, including metallic colors, iridescent patterns, and shades of red, blue, green, and purple. Among its most notable features are its complex fins in the shape of sails, crowns, crescents, deltas and double tails. Unlike females, which are generally smaller and have shorter fins, males, sometimes called "roosters" or "fighters," have longer fins and brighter colors. The obvious display of hostility and territorial behavior, particularly toward other males, is one of the most distinctive characteristics of male fighting fish. Natural environment: In their natural habitat, rice paddies, swamps, and meandering streams are home to bettas, who like warm, shallow water rich in plants. Low oxygen levels and irregular water conditions are characteristics of these habitats, which have shaped the special respiratory adaptations of betta fish. Betta fish can breathe air from the surface of the water through a unique organ called the labyrinth organ. They can thrive in low-oxygen environments where other fish species might die due to their adaptability. Betta fish are ideal to keep in aquariums because they can survive in very small amounts of water. Separate procedures: The complex habits of betta fish are well known and reflect their social bonds and territorial nature. Male bettas in particular are territorial and will fight by any means necessary to wrest control from others, especially other male bettas. In addition to this aggressive posture, raised gills and flared fins, there are surprising territorial displays. During the mating season, fighting fish not only show marked territorial behavior, but also notable courtship behavior. Using the bubbles that come out of their mouths, male betta fish build bubble nests on the surface of the water. The male, after selecting a suitable mate, attracts the female to the bubble nest where the spawning process takes place. The male is responsible for protecting the eggs and frying them until they hatch after laying.