With a boom in the steel industry all over the world today, the demand of sponge iron has considerably increased as a feed (raw) material to steel making. The increase in the demand of sponge iron is also due to the fact that it is used for replacing coke making required for blast furnace processing. The primary objective of this book is to provide the basis, principles, fundamentals and theory of sponge iron production.
This book, earlier titled as Sponge Iron Production in Rotary Kiln, is revised as per the feedback from students, faculty members and professionals. It, now, covers broad spectrum of alternative routes of iron making, therefore, the book is renamed as Alternative Routes to Iron Making. In this revised edition of the book, three new chapters have been added to fulfil the requirement of a textbook for various universities.
NEW TO THIS EDITION
• New chapters on:
o Utilization of Sponge Iron
o Environmental Pollution and Control in Sponge Iron Industries
o Smelting Reduction Process
• Inclusion of principle of fluidisation in fluidised bed processes
• Description of Hyl III process with recent development of the process
Primarily intended for undergraduate and postgraduate students of metal-lurgical engineering, this book is equally beneficial for researchers, and professionals engaged in DR processes and steel industries.
Key features
• Common terminologies of Direct Reduction process are explained in a simple language.
• Appendices on physical constants and unit conversions used in the DR processes, and measurement of kiln filling degrees are incorporated in detail.
• Several illustrative figures and tables are interspersed in the book.
About the Author
ARABINDA SARANGI, (PhD) is Director (Academics), Synergy Institute of Engineering and Technology, Banamali Prasad, Dhenkanal. Having more than four decades of professional experience, Dr. Sarangi has an expertise in dealing with the projects on metallurgical investigations into titanomagnetic ores, and aluminothermic reduction of transition metal oxides. He has published/presented several papers in national and international journals and conferences. |BIDYAPATI SARANGI, (PhD) is Professor, Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Indira Gandhi Institute of Technology (IGIT), Sarang, Dhenkanal. Having worked as a former Research Associate and Scientist, Dr. Bidyapati Sarangi has more than 25 years of research and academic experience in the field. He has published/presented many papers in national and international journals and conferences. His specialisation is in the fields of carbonate decomposition, coal gasification, metal oxidation, aluminothermic reduction and iron ore reduction.
Table of Contents:
Preface
1. Sponge Iron Production: An Overview
2. Commercially Used Direct Reduction Processes
3. Physico–Chemical Principle of Sponge Iron Production
4. Raw Materials for Direct Reduction Iron Production
5. Testing of Raw Materials for Direct Reduction of Iron Ore
6. Refractories
7. Flow of Materials in Rotary Kiln
8. Kinetics of Iron Ore Reduction
9. Kinetics of Coal Gasification
10. Rotary Kiln Plant
11. Rotary Kiln Burden
12. Commissioning and Operation of Rotary Kiln
13. Operational Problems in Rotary Kiln
14. Accretion Formation
15. Storage and Handling of Sponge Iron
16. Heat and Mass Balance
17. Commercially Used Gas Based Process
18. Utilization of Sponge Iron
19. Environmental Pollution and Control in Sponge Iron Industries
20. Smelting Reduction Process
Appendix • Index
